GPS Occultation Studies of the Lower Ionosphere: Current Investigations and Future Roles for C/NOFS & COSMIC Sensors R. Bishop.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Modelling complexity in the upper atmosphere using GPS data Chris Budd, Cathryn Mitchell, Paul Spencer Bath Institute for Complex Systems, University of.

Advertisements

URSIGA, New Delhi, Oct 2005 Coordinated Observations of Ionospheric Scintillations, Density Profiles and Total Electron Content on a Common Magnetic.

Ionosphere Climate Studied by F3 / COSMIC Constellation C. H. Liu Academia Sinica In Collaboration with Tulasi Ram, C.H. Lin and S.Y. Su.

Preeti Bhaneja Terry Bullett November 8, 2011

Using a DPS as a Coherent Scatter HF Radar Lindsay Magnus Lee-Anne McKinnell Hermanus Magnetic Observatory Hermanus, South Africa.

The Challenges of Validating Global Assimilative Models of the Ionosphere L.F. M c Namara 1,C.R. Baker 2, G.J. Bishop 2, D.T. Decker 2, J.A. Welsh 2 1.

Extended observations of decameter scatter associated with the mid-latitude ionospheric trough E. R. Talaat 1, E. S. Miller 1, R. J. Barnes 1, J. M. Ruohoniemi.

The North East CIDR Array (NECA): A Chain of Ionospheric Tomography Receivers for Studying the Equatorward Edge of the Auroral Oval and the Mid-latitude.

Abstract Since the ionosphere is the interface between the Earth and space environments and impacts radio, television and satellite communication, it is.

Mountain Waves entering the Stratosphere. Mountain Waves entering the Stratosphere: New aircraft data analysis techniques from T-Rex Ronald B. Smith,

SCHOOL OF PHYSICS Space Weather in the Equatorial Ionosphere Robert Stening School of Physics, University of New South Wales Acknowledge help from Dr J.

Wave-critical layer interactions observed using GPS data Bill Randel, NCAR.

V. M. Sorokin, V.M. Chmyrev, A. K. Yaschenko and M. Hayakawa Strong DC electric field formation in the ionosphere over typhoon and earthquake regions V.

1 UNCLASSIFIED – FOUO – Not for Public Release Operational Space Environment Network Display (OpSEND) & the Scintillation Network Decision Aid Dr. Keith.

Geospace Variability through the Solar Cycle John Foster MIT Haystack Observatory.

Conclusions In summary, this analysis of the topside sounder data from ISS-b leads to the following preliminary conclusions:  There is no apparent preference.

Antarctic Peninsula is a very suitable area for experimental investigations of troposphere-to-ionosphere energy transfer because this place characterized.

O. de La Beaujardière, L. Jeong, K. Ray, J. Retterer, B. Basu, W. Burke, F. Rich, K. Groves, C. Huang, L. Gentile, D. Decker, W. Borer, C. Lin NSPWX meeting,

New Satellite Capabilities and Existing Opportunities Bill Kuo 1 and Chris Velden 2 1 National Center for Atmospheric Research 2 University of Wisconsin.

Use of GPS RO in Operations at NCEP

Determining the Sharp, Longitudinal Gradients in Equatorial ExB Drift Velocities Associated with the 4-cell, Non-migrating Structures David Anderson and.

Using GPS data to study the tropical tropopause Bill Randel National Center for Atmospheric Research Boulder, Colorado “You can observe a lot by just watching”

Different options for the assimilation of GPS Radio Occultation data within GSI Lidia Cucurull NOAA/NWS/NCEP/EMC GSI workshop, Boulder CO, 28 June 2011.

UTSA Estimating Model Parameters from Ionospheric Reverse Engineering (EMPIRE) G. S. Bust and G. Crowley UTSA S. Datta-Barua ASTRA.

June, 2003EUMETSAT GRAS SAF 2nd User Workshop. 2 The EPS/METOP Satellite.

ARL Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin ARL Applied Research Laboratories The University of Texas at Austin Ionospheric Tomography.

Jeff Forbes (CU), Xiaoli Zhang (CU), Sean Bruinsma (CNES), Jens Oberheide (Clemson U), Jason Leonard (CU) 1 Coupling to the Lower Atmosphere, an Observation-Based.

Joint International GRACE Science Team Meeting and DFG SPP 1257 Symposium, Oct. 2007, GFZ Potsdam Folie 1 Retrieval of electron density profiles.

Neutral Winds in the Upper Atmosphere Qian Wu National Center for Atmospheric Research.

ROSA – ROSSA Validation results R. Notarpietro, G. Perona, M. Cucca

Distributed Radar Networks Ray Greenwald JHU/APL.

© The Aerospace Corporation 2010 Radio Occultation Sensor Observations of Ionospheric Scintillation P. R. Straus 1, C. Carrano 2, R. Caton 3, K. Groves.

Ionospheric Research at USU R.W. Schunk, L. Scherliess, J.J. Sojka, D.C. Thompson & L. Zhu Center for Atmospheric & Space Sciences Utah State University.

Effects of the Magnetosphere and Lower Atmosphere on the Ionosphere-Thermosphere System R.W. Schunk, L. Gardner, L. Scherliess, D.C. Thompson, J.J. Sojka.

VARIABILITY OF TOTAL ELECTRON CONTENT AT EUROPEAN LATITUDES A. Krankowski(1), L. W. Baran(1), W. Kosek (2), I. I. Shagimuratov(3), M. Kalarus (2) (1) Institute.

Use of GPS Radio Occultation Data for Climate Monitoring Y.-H. Kuo, C. Rocken, and R. A. Anthes University Corporation for Atmospheric Research.

THE REACTION OF MID-LATITUDE IONOSPHERE ON STRONG IONOSPHERIC STORMS ON THE BASE OF THE EAST- SIBERIAN GROUND-BASED RADIO INSTRUMENT NETWORK DATA B.G.

Impact of FORMOSAT-3 GPS Data Assimilation on WRF model during 2007 Mei-yu season in Taiwan Shyuan-Ru Miaw, Pay-Liam Lin Department of Atmospheric Sciences.

Global E-region Densities Derived from Radio Occultation Measurements M. J. Nicolls 1, F. S Rodrigues 2, and G. S. Bust 2 1. SRI International, Menlo Park,

Comparison of the electron density profiles measured with the Incoherent Scatter Radar, Digisonde DPS-4 and Chirp-Ionosonde Ratovsky K.G., Shpynev* B.G.,

Key RO Advances Observation –Lower tropospheric penetration (open loop / demodulation) –Larger number of profiles (rising & setting) –Detailed precision.

The Thermosphere/Ionosphere Response to Solar Activity During the October/November 2003 Storms P. R. Straus 1, G. Crowley 2, R. R. Meier 3, L. J. Paxton.

Guan Le NASA Goddard Space Flight Center Challenges in Measuring External Current Systems Driven by Solar Wind-Magnetosphere Interaction.

Ionospheric irregularities observed with a GPS network in Japan TOHRU ARAMAKI[1],Yuichi Otsuka[1],Tadahiko Ogawa[1],Akinori Saito[2] and Takuya Tsugawa[2]

Assimilating Data Into Ionospheric Models: The Real-Time Revolution Anthony Mannucci, JPL Brian Wilson, JPL George Hajj, JPL, USC Lukas Mandrake, JPL Xiaoqing.

New Science Opportunities with a Mid-Latitude SuperDARN Radar Raymond A. Greenwald Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory.

Predicting Ionospheric Densities and Scintillation with the Communication / Navigation Outage Forecasting System (C/NOFS) Mission Chin S. Lin 1, O. de.

Formosat3/COSMIC Workshop, Taipei, Oct. 1-3, 2008 The Ionosphere as Signal and Noise in Radio Occultation Christian Rocken, Sergey Sokolovskiy, Bill Schreiner,

0 Earth Observation with COSMIC. 1 COSMIC at a Glance l Constellation Observing System for Meteorology Ionosphere and Climate (ROCSAT-3) l 6 Satellites.

Electron density profile retrieval from RO data Xin’an Yue, Bill Schreiner  Abel inversion error of Ne  Data Assimilation test.

Data Assimilation Retrieval of Electron Density Profiles from Radio Occultation Measurements Xin’an Yue, W. S. Schreiner, Jason Lin, C. Rocken, Y-H. Kuo.

COSMIC Ionospheric measurements Jiuhou Lei NCAR ASP/HAO Research review, Boulder, March 8, 2007.

© Copyright QinetiQ limited 2006 On the application of meteorological data assimilation techniques to radio occultation measurements of.

GPS Radio-Occultation data (COSMIC mission) Lidia Cucurull NOAA Joint Center for Satellite Data Assimilation.

Mike Ruohoniemi 2012VT SuperDARN Remote Sensing of the Ionosphere and Earth’s Surface with HF Radar J. Michael Ruohoniemi and Joseph Baker.

Effects of January 2010 stratospheric sudden warming in the low-latitude ionosphere L. Goncharenko, A. Coster, W. Rideout, MIT Haystack Observatory, USA.

Impact of midnight thermosphere dynamics on the equatorial ionospheric vertical drifts Tzu-Wei Fang 1,2 R. Akmaev 2, R. Stoneback 3, T. Fuller-Rowell 1,2,

B.V. Jackson, H.-S. Yu, P.P. Hick, and A. Buffington,

The 3rd Swarm Science Meeting, June 2014, Copenhagen, Denmark

Static Stability in the Global UTLS Observations of Long-term Mean Structure and Variability using GPS Radio Occultation Data Kevin M. Grise David W.

First validation of Level 2 CAT-2 products: FAC/IBI/TEC

Center for Atmospheric & Space Sciences

The ionosphere is much more structured and variable than ever predicted. Solar Driven Model Since 2000, we have seen more, very clear evidence that the.

Formosat3 / COSMIC The Ionosphere as Signal and Noise

Study of the sporadic E (Es) layer by GPS radio occultation (RO)

Hui Liu, Jeff Anderson, and Bill Kuo

Formosat3 / COSMIC The Ionosphere as Signal and Noise

Aura Science Team meeting

SSAEM Sensors Paul R Straus October 14, 2011.

Evaluation of IRI-2012 by comparison with JASON-1 TEC and incoherent scatter radar observations during the solar minimum period Eun-Young Ji,

Presentation transcript:

GPS Occultation Studies of the Lower Ionosphere: Current Investigations and Future Roles for C/NOFS & COSMIC Sensors R. Bishop 1, P. Straus 1, P. Anderson 2, M. Nicolls 3, V. Wong 3, M. Kelley 3, T. Bullett 4 1 The Aerospace Corporation, 2 University of Dallas, 3 Cornell University, 4 AFRL Copyright of The Aerospace Corporation, 2005

Outline Ongoing GPS RO Ionospheric Investigations  Scintillation  Global equatorial distribution  Tropospheric/Ionospheric coupling  Mid-latitude scintillation occurrence  E-region Studies  Single profile extraction techniques  Validation with ISR  E-F region coupling Future Roles for C/NOFS & COSMIC GPS receivers  Brief CORISS (C/NOFS) instrument overview  Goals of C/NOFS study  Possible future equatorial Studies  Collaboration with COSMIC satellites  Study examples

Satellite GPS Occultation Ionospheric Data Sources Satellite GPS Occultation Ionospheric Data Sources  CHAMP  ~400 km  88° inclination  SAC-C  ~700 km  98° inclination – sun synchronous  PICO Sat/IOX  ~800 km  75° inclination  IOX is the only instrument with ionospheric mission focus  Provides majority of assimilated ionospheric occultation data  Up to 500 occultations a day

Scintillation Occurrence  PICOSat/IOX orbit precesses 360º in ~100 days - full local time coverage in ~50 days  CHAMP orbit precesses 360º in ~260 days - full local time coverage in ~130 days  Analysis limited to ray path tangent point altitudes above 200km.  Rate of descent of the ray path tangent point:  IOX and SAC-C - from ~300 m/sec to ~2.5 km/sec  CHAMP - from ~150 m/sec to ~2 km/sec  Equivalent to minimum scale sizes of the irregularities sampled by the GPS occultation receivers for 1-sec observations Local Time Distribution

Global Distributions of SAC-C Occultations with differing S4 levels S4>0.066 (92%) S4>0.177 (95%) S4>0.344 (99%)  Most scintillation shown occurs within +/-25 deg. mlat. +/-25 deg. mlat.  Increase in occurrence over Africa for the 92/95% S4. 92/95% S4.  Highest S4 levels occur in equatorial region. region.  82% in northern hemisphere O Driven by magnetic field configuration and occultation geometry.

Climatological Scintillation Model Comparison Geographic Longitude (deg) Occurrence Probability WBMOD Feb/Mar Jul/Aug IOX

Extraction of E-region Profiles PRN23 22-Oct-03 05:18 UT (19:51 LT)

Extraction of E-region Profiles PRN28 15-Oct-03 17:17 UT (23:57 LT)

GPS Occultation and ISR data Comparison Occultation Positions Figure 3. From left to right, the three columns display the GPS (top) and AO radar (bottom) nighttime E-region density profiles for 2002 April 15, 16, and 17, respectively. The shaded region represents the altitudes where the F-region density contribution is greater than 50% as determined by the F- region Gaussian fit. Nighttime Comparisons  Sporadic E layers (Es) can exist over large horizontal distances.  Es observed in occultations profiles within a few degrees of Arecibo Observatory.  GPS profiles show the presence of Es at higher altitudes.

Mid-latitude Ionospheric Scintillation Intense convection cells Storm Center Data Sources:  ISR: Arecibo Observatory (AO)  Ionosonde: Ramey and AO  Microbarometric Data  GPS Radio Occultation Data  CHAMP satellite; orbit ~ 400 km  Ionospheric data  Tropospheric data Storm Facts:  Approximate Lifetime: Dec. 4-9  Minimum pressure: 993 mb  Maximum surface winds: 55 kt  Unusual Caribbean/Dec. formation  Most intense convection located on leading edge (east) of storm.

Surface & Geomagnetic Conditions High frequency variations indicative of intense convection activity. Pressure, mb /3 12/5 12/7 12/9 968 Penn. State U. microbarograph  Significant geomagnetic storm 12/4-12/5 prior to first AO observing period.  High frequency pressure variations increase with the approach of the tropical storm. Variations are likely indicative of active generation of gravity waves.  Similar to Bauer [1957,1958], F-peak density and altitude vary with the near passage of Odette.  Range spreading observed the night following closest approach of the storm.  Preliminary GPS data show scintillation along storm path after passage of center.

C/NOFS satellite & the CORISS Instrument  First-ever system for continuous global scintillation forecasts of comm/nav outages.  Ionospheric scintillation impacts all satellite data links <2.5GHz  Developing data-driven, scientifically-based models for:  1-3 hr scintillation warnings  4+ hr scintillation forecasts Artist rendition of C/NOFS satellite

C/NOFS Occultation Receiver for Ionospheric Sensing and Specification (CORISS) Instrument  GPS dual-frequency receiver.  Measured Parameters:  Line-of-sight TEC  Vertical Ne profiles  On-board scintillation indices & spectra  S4,    Stratospheric temperature profile  High rate scintillation products  S4,  

CORISS Features  CORISS is a Modified Version of the Jason/ICESat Receiver  RF front end adapted to C/NOFS RFI requirements  Single patch antenna on anti-velocity side of s/c  Receiver s/w updated by Aerospace to perform occultations & other special functions (Tom Meehan consulting)  On-board processing of scintillation parameters: S4,  , spectra  Two telemetry streams TDRSS: near real time; low/medium rate data + scintillation parameters TDRSS: near real time; low/medium rate data + scintillation parameters SGLS: store-and-forward high volume; same as TDRSS + high rate (50 Hz) tropospheric occultations + high rate ionospheric occultations (L1 only w/ non-occulting reference satellite for phase scintillation) SGLS: store-and-forward high volume; same as TDRSS + high rate (50 Hz) tropospheric occultations + high rate ionospheric occultations (L1 only w/ non-occulting reference satellite for phase scintillation) Tropospheric data all the time Tropospheric data all the time Ionospheric HR data about ¼ of orbit due to data rate restrictions (programmable – generally will be in the post- sunset sector) Ionospheric HR data about ¼ of orbit due to data rate restrictions (programmable – generally will be in the post- sunset sector)

Future C/NOFS & COSMIC Studies CORISS Studies:  Nighttime E-F region coupling  Scintillation triggering mechanisms  Atmospheric gravity wave studies CORISS Occulting Lines of Sight CORISS/COSMIC Studies:  Traveling ionospheric disturbances  Mid-latitude scintillation studies  Tropospheric/Ionospheric coupling via gravity waves

Summary  GPS occultation data is highly useful for ionospheric studies.  Provides global observations of the state of the ionosphere  On-going investigations include:  Scintillation studies (IOX, C/NOFS)  Lower E-region validation studies  Tropospheric/Ionospheric coupling via tropical storms  Future ionospheric studies would greatly benefit from C/NOFS and COSMIC data and collaborative efforts.  Ionospheric specification related to scintillation.  TEC response to geomagnetic changes. Acknowledgements: The GPS data comes from the SAC-C and CHAMP/JPL website. This work was supported under The Aerospace Corporation's Independent Research and Development Program.The Arecibo Observatory is the principal facility of the National Astronomy and Ionosphere Center, which is operated by the Cornell University under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.