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Light Years Context Object Faster Olympic Sprinter Horse at Full Gallop Race Car Fighter Jet Space Shuttle New Horizons Probe (Fastest Man-Made Object) Momentum 28mph 50mph 240mph 1,000mph 17,000mph 52,000mph

Waves… Most waves are either longitudinal or transverse. Sound waves are longitudinal. But all electromagnetic waves are transverse…

Electromagnetic Waves ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪ ▪

Electromagnetic waves Produced by the movement of electrically charged particles Can travel in a “vacuum” (they do NOT need a medium Travel at the speed of light Also known as EM waves

Light Years 100mph Across United States 30hrs To the Moon 14 Weeks Last Planet (Neptune) 3100 Years Light Years 75 Times in 1sec Moon and Back 2secs Sun to Earth 8min old when reaches

Light Years- Unit of measurement Context 186,000mps 670,000,000mph 6,000,000,000,000/h Math

Radio waves Longest wavelength EM waves Uses: ■ TV broadcasting ■ AM and FM broadcast radio ■ Avalanche beacons ■ Heart rate monitors ■ Cell phone communication

Microwaves- second longest wavelength Wavelengths from 1 mm- 1 m Uses: ■ Microwave ovens ■ Bluetooth headsets ■ Broadband Wireless Internet ■ Radar ■ GPS

Visible light Only type of EM wave able to be detected by the human eye Violet is the highest frequency light Red light is the lowest frequency light

The Doppler effect can be used to determine how fast stars or galaxies are approaching or moving away from Earth. ➢ When a star or galaxy is approaching Earth, the lines in its spectrum are shifted toward the shorter (bluer) wavelengths. ➢ When the star or galaxy is moving away, the lines in its spectrum shift toward the longer (redder) wavelengths. The larger the shift, the greater is the speed.

X-rays Tiny wavelength, high energy waves Uses: ■ Medical imaging ■ Airport security ■ Inspecting industrial welds

Gamma Rays Smallest wavelengths, highest energy EM waves Uses ■ Food irradiation ■ Cancer treatment ■ Treating wood flooring

Spectroscope A tool for forming and examining spectra especially in the visible region of the electromagnetic spectrum

Line vs. Continuous Spectrum Line Consisting of discrete lines, usually characteristic of excited atoms or molecule Continuous A broad range of light frequencies without any interruptions

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