© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 1

2 Excel 2010 Level 1 Unit 1Preparing and Formatting a Worksheet Chapter 2Inserting Formulas in a Worksheet

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 3 Inserting Formulas in a Worksheet  Write Formulas Write Formulas  Insert Formulas with Functions Insert Formulas with Functions  Write Formulas with Statistical Functions Write Formulas with Statistical Functions  CHECKPOINT 1 CHECKPOINT 1  Display Formulas Display Formulas  Write Formulas with Financial Functions Write Formulas with Financial Functions  Write Formulas with Date and Time Functions Write Formulas with Date and Time Functions  Write a Formula with the IF Logical Function Write a Formula with the IF Logical Function  Write IF Formulas Containing Text Write IF Formulas Containing Text  Use Absolute and Mixed Cell References Use Absolute and Mixed Cell References  CHECKPOINT 2 CHECKPOINT 2 Quick Links to Presentation Contents

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 4 Write Formulas

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 5 Write Formulas…continued  If a formula contains two or more operators, Excel uses the same order of operations used in algebra.  From left to right in a formula, this order, called the order of operations, is: negations (negative number—a number preceded by a minus sign) first, then percents, then exponentiations, followed by multiplications, divisions, additions, and finally subtractions.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 6 Write Formulas…continued To copy a relative formula using the Fill button: 1.Insert the formula in the cell. 2.Select the cell containing the formula and all cells you want to contain the formula. 3.Click the Fill button in the Editing group in the Home tab. 4.Click the desired direction. Fill button

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 7 Write Formulas…continued To copy a relative formula using the fill handle: 1.Insert the formula in the cell. 2.With the cell active, position the mouse pointer on the fill handle. 3.Hold down the left mouse button, drag and select the desired cells, and then release the mouse button. fill handle

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 8 Write Formulas…continued To write a formula by pointing: 1.Click the cell that will contain the formula. 2.Type the equals sign. 3.Click the cell you want to reference in the formula. 4.Type the desired mathematical operator. 5.Click the next cell reference. 6.Continue in this manner until all cell references are specified and then press the Enter key. formula

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 9 Write Formulas…continued To use the Trace Error button: 1.Click the Trace Error button when it appears. 2.Select an option from the drop-down list that displays. Trace Error button

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 10 Insert Formulas with Functions  =SUM(B2:B5) is an example of a formula. The beginning section of the formula, =SUM, is called a function, which is a built-in formula.  A function operates on what is referred to as an argument.  An argument may also contain a constant.  When a value calculated by the formula is inserted in a cell, this process is referred to as returning the result.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 11 Insert Formulas with Functions…continued Formulas tab

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 12 Insert Formulas with Functions…continued To insert a function: 1.Position the insertion in the desired cell. 2.Click the Insert Function button on the Formulas tab. 3.At the Insert Function dialog box, choose a function category. 4.Choose a function. 5.Click OK. continues on next slide… Insert Function dialog box

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 13 Insert Formulas with Functions…continued 6.At the Function Arguments palette, enter the desired data. Function Arguments palette

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 14 Insert Formulas with Functions…continued  Excel includes over 200 functions that are divided into twelve different categories including Financial, Date & Time, Math & Trig, Statistical, Lookup & Reference, Database, Text, Logical, Information, Engineering, Cube, and Compatibility.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 15 Insert Formulas with Functions…continued  Excel includes the Formula AutoComplete feature that displays a drop-down list of functions. AutoComplete list

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 16 Write Formulas with Statistical Functions AVERAGE function  The AVERAGE function returns the average (arithmetic mean) of the arguments.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 17 Write Formulas with Statistical Functions…continued MIN function  The MAX function in a formula returns the maximum value in a cell range. The MIN function returns the minimum value in a cell range.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 18 Write Formulas with Statistical Functions…continued COUNT function  Use the COUNT function to count the numeric values in a range.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 19 1)When writing your own formula, begin the formula with this. a.division sign b.minus sign c.plus sign d.equals sign 1)When writing your own formula, begin the formula with this. a.division sign b.minus sign c.plus sign d.equals sign 3)A function operates on what is referred to as this. a.a cell b.a selection c.a range d.an argument 3)A function operates on what is referred to as this. a.a cell b.a selection c.a range d.an argument 2)If you want to change the order of operations, use these around the part of the formula that you want calculated first. a.minus signs b.equals signs c.parentheses d.plus signs 2)If you want to change the order of operations, use these around the part of the formula that you want calculated first. a.minus signs b.equals signs c.parentheses d.plus signs 4)Use this function to count the numeric values in a range. a.ADD b.TOTAL c.SUM d.COUNT 4)Use this function to count the numeric values in a range. a.ADD b.TOTAL c.SUM d.COUNT Next Question Next Slide Answer

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 20 Display Formulas  In some situations, you may need to display the formulas in a worksheet rather than the results of the formula.  Display all formulas in a worksheet rather than the results by pressing Ctrl + ` (this is the grave accent).  Press Ctrl + ` to turn off the display of formulas.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 21 Write Formulas with Financial Functions PMT function  The PMT function finds the payment for a loan based on constant payments and a constant interest rate.  The PMT function contains the arguments Nper, Pv, Fv, and Type.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 22 Write Formulas with Financial Functions…continued  The FV function calculates the future value of a series of equal payments or an annuity. FV function

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 23 Write Formulas with Date and Time Functions DATE function  The NOW function returns the serial number of the current date and time.  The DATE function returns the serial number that represents a particular date.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 24 Write a Formula with the IF Logical Function  With the IF function you can perform conditional tests on values and formulas.  The IF function makes a logical test and then performs a particular action if the answer is true and another action if the answer is false.  For example, an IF function can be used to write a formula that calculates a salesperson’s bonus as 10% if the quota of $100,000 is met or exceeded, and zero if the quota is less than $100,000. That formula would look like this: =IF(quota=>100000,quota*0.1,0).

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 25 Write a Formula with the IF Logical Function…continued IF function  Edit a formula by making active the cell containing the formula and then editing the formula in the cell or in the Formula bar text box.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 26 Write IF Formulas Containing Text  If you write a formula with an IF function and you want text inserted in a cell rather than a value, you must insert quotation marks around the text.  For example, to write a formula with an IF function that inserts the word PASS in a cell if the average of the new employee quizzes is greater than 79 and inserts the word FAIL if the condition is not met, type =IF(E16>79,"PASS","FAIL").

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 27 Use Absolute and Mixed Cell References  A reference identifies a cell or a range of cells in a worksheet and can be relative, absolute, or mixed.  Relative cell references refer to cells relative to a position in a formula.  Absolute cell references refer to cells in a specific location.  Distinguish between relative, absolute, and mixed cell references using the dollar sign ($).

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 28 Use Absolute and Mixed Cell References…continued absolute cell reference  In some situations, you may want a formula to contain an absolute cell reference, which always refers to a cell in a specific location.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 29 Use Absolute and Mixed Cell References…continued mixed cell reference  In a mixed cell reference either the column remains absolute and the row is relative or the column is relative and the row is absolute.

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 30 1)Display all formulas in a worksheet rather than the results by pressing these keys. a.Ctrl + \ b.Ctrl + ` c.Ctrl + - d.Ctrl + = 1)Display all formulas in a worksheet rather than the results by pressing these keys. a.Ctrl + \ b.Ctrl + ` c.Ctrl + - d.Ctrl + = 3)This function returns the serial number of the current date and time. a.MIN b.MAX c.DATE d.NOW 3)This function returns the serial number of the current date and time. a.MIN b.MAX c.DATE d.NOW 2)This function calculates the future value of a series of equal payments or an annuity. a.MIN b.MAX c.FV d.PMT 2)This function calculates the future value of a series of equal payments or an annuity. a.MIN b.MAX c.FV d.PMT 4)This type of reference always refers to a cell in a specific location. a.standard b.default c.relative d.absolute 4)This type of reference always refers to a cell in a specific location. a.standard b.default c.relative d.absolute Next Question Next Slide Answer

© Paradigm Publishing, Inc. 31 Inserting Formulas in a Worksheet Write formulas with mathematical operators Type a formula in the Formula bar Copy a formula Use the Insert Function feature to insert a formula in a cell Write formulas with the AVERAGE, MAX, MIN, COUNT, PMT, FV, DATE, NOW, and IF functions Create an absolute and mixed cell reference Summary of Presentation Concepts