Sea Floor Spreading Chapter 4 Section 4

Standard S 6.1 Students know evidence from plate tectonics is derived from the fit of the continents and mid ocean ridges. S 6.1 Students know evidence from plate tectonics is derived from the fit of the continents and mid ocean ridges.

Vocabulary Mid-ocean ridges Mid-ocean ridges Sonar Sonar Sea floor spreading Sea floor spreading Deep ocean trench Deep ocean trench subduction subduction

Anticipatory Set Close your eyes Close your eyes Deep in the ocean, the temperatures are freezing Deep in the ocean, the temperatures are freezing No light No light There are bizarre creatures living down there There are bizarre creatures living down there Giant, red tipped tube worms, giants clams, and spider like crabs Giant, red tipped tube worms, giants clams, and spider like crabs This is what the bottom of the ocean looks like This is what the bottom of the ocean looks like

Sonar is what scientist use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge. Sonar is what scientist use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge. Mid ocean ridges are found in all of Earth’s oceans. Mid ocean ridges are found in all of Earth’s oceans.

Mid ocean ridges curve like the seam of baseball on the ocean floor. The mountains in this system lie hidden under hundreds of meters or water. Mid ocean ridges curve like the seam of baseball on the ocean floor. The mountains in this system lie hidden under hundreds of meters or water. In a few places the ridge will poke above the surface In a few places the ridge will poke above the surface

Sea Floor Spreading Scientists in a submersible saw rocks formed by the rapid hardening of molten material when they observed mid-ocean ridges. Scientists in a submersible saw rocks formed by the rapid hardening of molten material when they observed mid-ocean ridges. In Sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along the mid-ocean ridges. In Sea-floor spreading, molten material rises from the mantle and erupts along the mid-ocean ridges. The sea floor spreads apart along both sides of the ocean ridge as new crust is added. The sea floor spreads apart along both sides of the ocean ridge as new crust is added. The ocean floor moves like a conveyor belt, carrying the continents along with them. The ocean floor moves like a conveyor belt, carrying the continents along with them.

It forms a crack in the oceanic crust It forms a crack in the oceanic crust Molten materials rises and erupts from the crack Molten materials rises and erupts from the crack It moves over the old crust It moves over the old crust Then begins to cool Then begins to cool It then forms a new strip of rock It then forms a new strip of rock

Evidence of Sea Floor Spreading Evidence: Evidence: Eruptions of molten material- Eruptions of molten material- Alvin- small submarine (withstand crushing forces) and the crew found rocks shaped liked pillows Alvin- small submarine (withstand crushing forces) and the crew found rocks shaped liked pillows Magnetic stripes in the rock of the ocean floor Magnetic stripes in the rock of the ocean floor Patterns in the rocks, contains iron, creates a magnetic strip Patterns in the rocks, contains iron, creates a magnetic strip The ages of the rocks The ages of the rocks Drilling samples, brought up through pipes Drilling samples, brought up through pipes Scientists discovered that rocks farther away from the mid- ocean ridge were older than those near it by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor. Scientists discovered that rocks farther away from the mid- ocean ridge were older than those near it by determining the age of rock samples obtained by drilling on the sea floor.

Subduction at Trenches Part of the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle at deep ocean trenches Part of the ocean floor sinks back into the mantle at deep ocean trenches Subduction Subduction New ocean floor is hot New ocean floor is hot Moves away and cools and becomes dense Moves away and cools and becomes dense Gravity pulls the older floor beneath the trench Gravity pulls the older floor beneath the trench

Together Together they have changed the size and shape of our oceans Together they have changed the size and shape of our oceans The Pacific Ocean is shrinking, how can that be? The Pacific Ocean is shrinking, how can that be? The trenches around the edges are pulling in the older crust. The trenches around the edges are pulling in the older crust.

Checking for Understanding ___________________is what scientist use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge. ___________________is what scientist use in the mid-1900s to map the mid-ocean ridge. ____________ ______________ _______________are found in all of Earth’s oceans ____________ ______________ _______________are found in all of Earth’s oceans What is subduction? What is subduction?

Guided Practice Independent Practice Guided Practice “Building Vocabulary” Guided Practice “Building Vocabulary” Stop!!! See Me!!! Stop!!! See Me!!! Independent Practice: Side one #1-5 Independent Practice: Side one #1-5 Back side: Homework! Back side: Homework!