1 1 Establishing a register-based statistical system Example: Population and housing censuses in Norway Statistical Training Course Use of Administrative Registers in Production of Statistics Warzaw 14 – 17 March 2014 Harald Utne, Statistics Norway

2 Norwegian Censuses 1960 – : First complete census 1960: Last fully traditional census Census data used to establish CPR (in 1964) 1970 Census: Mainly traditional Census used to –Check and update CPR –Establish Register of Education (in Statistics Norway) 1980 Census: Questionnaires shortened and sent by mail –Registers used to rationalise data collection: Mail out – mail back  No enumerators –Demographic variables taken from CPR

3 Norwegian Censuses 1960 – 2011 (2) 1990 Census –Register data on demography, education, income, geographical characteristics –Questionnaires for data on labour marked, households and housing  Sample survey  Labour market register used in estimation 2001 Census –All data on persons from registers –Data on and households based on registers and questionnaires –Housing data based on questionnaires –Full coverage survey (all households) 2011 Census: Totally register-based –Establish a system for register-based censuses

4 Historical development, main trends: 1. Extensive use of census data in establishing registers –Use of “census data” for administrative purposes: –Multiple legal base for Census  2001 in Norway: Statistics Act, CPR, Cadastre 2. Step-by-step development –Developing a register-based census may take time!

5 Education Income Social security Unemployed persons Population Reg. Job registers Business register Addresses Buildings Dwellings PB P P PP AA P = Personal id number B = Business id number A = Numerical address Other registers P Register-based population and housing census system Units covered in base registers: Persons, dwellings/buildings and enterprises/establishment Derived units: Families and households Persons linked to –Dwellings –Workplaces (establishments) through job registers

6 Census data from registers – “tertiary use” Wages Adm. registers Emp- loyees CPR Statistical registers in Statistics Norway Employment Population CENSUS FILE Census Income Education

7 Income Social security Unemployed persons Central Population Reg. Job registers Business register Addresses Buildings Dwellings PB P P PP AA P = Personal id number B = Business id number A = Numerical address Other registers P Census data system before 2001 No register on dwellings No link person- dwelling, that is no household register

8 Norwegian 2001 Census Goals Produce Census statistics for 2001 Establish a basis for the 2011 register-based census –The Dwelling Address Project

9 The Dwelling Address Project Major goals –Extend the Cadastre to comprise dwellings, not only buildings  Add dwelling number to street address  Main Street 8A, H0103  Establish a link between dwellings and resident persons (in CPR)  Using data from census forms Main problem: Multi-dwelling buildings Participants –Statistics Norway (Census 2001) –Tax Inspectorate (CPR) –Norwegian Mapping Authorities (Cadastre) Use “census data” for administrative purposes –Multiple legal base for Census 2001

10 Multi-dwelling buildings before Census 2001 Main street 8 A H0101 H0102 H0103 H0104 ?

11 Goal for Census 2001 Main street 8 A H0101 H0101 H0102 H0103 H0104 BUT

12 Multi-dwelling buildings after Census 2001, result Main street 8 A H0101 H0101 H0102 H0103 H % of persons in multi-dwelling houses linked to a unique dwelling address. Following up necessary! Main street 8 A Main street 8A H0102

13 Following up on the Dwelling Address Project Statistics Norway played an active role – pushing forward Quality monitoring Situation by end of 2010: 95 % of population linked to a dwelling

14 Comparing register-based and traditional censuses Advantages Reduced response burden Reduced costs –Specific census costs rather low No need to hire and train a census staff every tenth year Census statistics and subject matter statistics based on same sources –Comparability –Annual “census statistics”

15 Comparing register-based and traditional censuses Disadvantages Only variables available in or derived from registers included Some restrictions on definitions –Dwelling households, not housekeeping units –Legal place of residence, not usual place of residence No collection tool for emerging needs –Sample surveys may be used, but not for small area statistics

16 Register-based censuses – the process Traditional Investigation CostsResponse burden Annual statistics Relevant registers? Linking? Legal base?Public approval? Quality Relevance CoverageTimeliness Accuracy Partly register- based Fully traditional Traditional and Sample surveys or Yearly updates Registers and Traditional New technologies Registers and Sample survey Fully register- based ? Reg. and ad hoc Sample survey Reg. and existing Sample survey

17 State of affaires in UNECE region

18 Census costs Census costs in UNECE countries (Europe and North America) Traditional census (30):5,57 $ per capita Combined censuses (10):3,94 $ per capita Register-based censuses (9) :0,24 $ per capita Traditional censuses –Variation in costs caused by national circumstances, legislation –From 1 to 40 $ per capita Combined censuses –Most expensive in countries with full enumeration Register-based censuses –Most expensive for countries using registers for the first time –Norway 0,50 $ - 10 % of costs in 2001 Census Major savings: Data collection

19 Register-based censuses – the process Traditional Investigation CostsResponse burden Annual statistics Relevant registers? Linking? Legal base?Public approval? Quality Relevance CoverageTimeliness Accuracy Partly register- based Fully traditional Traditional and Sample surveys or Yearly updates Registers and Traditional New technologies Registers and Sample survey Fully register- based ? Reg. and ad hoc Sample survey Reg. and existing Sample survey

20 Thank you for your attention !