Organism Relationships

Symbiotic Relationships Sym: From the greek/latin meaning “ with ” Bio: from the greek/latin meaning “ to live ” or “ living ” Symbiosis: A relationship where two organisms live together where at least one of the organisms benefits from the relationship. 3 types of symbiotic relationships 1. Parasitism 2. Commensalism 3. Mutualism

1. Parasitism Organisms that live and feed on other organisms The host is the organism that the parasites live on. parasites don’t kill the host but may weaken causing death VIDEO

Two types of parasites  ectoparasites such as fleas, lice, and mites, which live outside the body of the host,  endoparasites, such as worms, and microscopic parasites that live within the body of the host.

2. Commensalism one organism benefits and the other is neither benefits or loses. Example: Remora and shark relationships: Remora’s attach themselves to sharks and eat food left over from the shark’s meal. Video 2

both organisms benefit. i.e. Bees and flowers Bees fly from flower to flower for nectar and help to cross pollinate the flowers at the same time. ographic.com/video/an imals/fish- animals/spiny-rayed- fish/fish_symbiosis/ 3. Mutualism Video

Symbiosis and you Think about your friends.  What would a mutualist friend be like?  What would a commensalist friend be like?  What would a parasitic friend be like?  What type of friend are you?

Other types of Relationships 1. Predation 2. Competition

1. Predator/Prey One organism kills and eats another organism. Prey is being eaten - predator does the eating. VIDEO

Two or more organism of the same or different species use the same limited resources. 2 types of competition  Internal  External VIDEO 2. Competition

Competition Competition might occur because of limited:  Food  Space  Sunlight  Mates  Or any other limited resource

In this photo the “cleaner fish” receives nourishment by dining off of the parasites and remaining food debris in the eel’s mouth. Is this an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM EXIT

Clownfish are frequently found in the tentacles of sea anemones. Sea anemones capture their prey by paralyzing them with their tentacles. However, the clownfish produces a mucus that prevents the tentacles from harming it. By dwelling amongst the tentacles the clownfish receives a protected home. This relationship is an example of … PARASITISMMUTUALISMCOMMENSALISM

The birds in the picture are munching on tiny parasitic insects located on the rhino. The relationship between the birds and the rhino is an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM

Lampreys are primitive fish with limited digestive systems. They attach to and feed on the body fluids of fish with more advanced digestive systems, often leading to the death of the host fish. This relationship is an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM

Orchids grow on the branches of high trees. These orchids get more water and sunlight than those on the ground. The tree is unaffected by the orchid ’ s presence. This relationship is an example of… PARASITISM MUTUALISM COMMENSALISM