Session 2 The Recording Process and Mechanics

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Presentation transcript:

Session 2 The Recording Process and Mechanics FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Competencies by Session 3 What are the primary financial statements in the F/S Package? What are their uses? What are the other key components of the F/S Package? Describe the Financial Accounting Model. What is the accounting equation? Relate it to the Balance Sheet. Relate it to the Income Statement. What is Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts #1 (SFAC #1)? What are the financial accounting assumptions? What are the financial accounting principles? FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Historical Cost versus Relevant Information What is NOT on the balance sheet. Land at current value. Intellectual property. Off-balance sheet liabilities Measurement bias Management bias FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Two Other Factors Materiality Conservatism FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Transactions External events Internal events “...a measurable exchange or change in value, generally recorded AFTER the fact.” FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Key Accounts Assets Liabilities Equity Revenues Expenses FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Measuring Transactions-The Basics At least two account The integrity of the accounting equation Debits (left-side entries) = Credits (right-side entries FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Measuring Transactions-Methodology Determine the accounts Determine the direction of the exchange Determine the amounts Note pages 54- 71 very carefully FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

The “T-Account” ASSETS & EXPENSES LIABILITIES, EQUITY & REVENUES Debit Credit Debit Credit FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Accounting (Bookkeeping) Cycle-modified Analyze Transaction Record and Post Summarize Accounts Unadjusted Trial Balance Adjusting Journal Entries (AJE’s) Adjusted Trial Balance Prepare Income Statement Closing Entries Final Trial Balance Prepare Balance Sheet, SCF and SSE FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Close Worksheet FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Financial Statement Preparation Headings are IMPORTANT Company, Title and Date Note how the T-Account balances track to the actual financial statements FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Financial Statement Relationships Balance Sheet Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows Stmt of Sharehldrs Eq. Current Assets Non- current Current Liabilities Long- term Debt Equity Revenue Cost of Goods Sold (COGS) Gross Margin Operating Exps. Net Income Operating Cash Investing Cash Financing Cash Change in Cash Beginning Cash Ending Cash Beginning S/E Net Income Less: Dividends Ending S/E FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015

Adjusting Journal Entries Accruals Prepayments Deferrrals Cost Expirations FINANCIAL ACTG. - BUS 020 - Spring 2015