CoSMIC: An MDA Tool Suite for Application Deployment and Configuration Tao Lu, Emre Turkay Aniruddha Gokhale, Douglas Schmidt Institute For Software Integrated Systems Vanderbilt University Nashville, TN Work supported by AFRL contract# F C-4112 for DARPA PCES Program

Tao LuMDA 2 Research Synopsis Develop, validate, & help to standardize technologies that: (1) Model (2) Analyze (3) Synthesize & (4) Provision multiple layers of middleware for distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) systems that require simultaneous control of multiple quality of service properties end-to-end Model Driven Middleware for Distributed Real-time & Embedded Systems Middleware Services DRE Applications Operating Sys & Protocols Hardware & Networks distributed system

Tao LuMDA 3 R&D Focus: Distributed Real-time & Embedded (DRE) Systems Network-centric & large-scale Dynamic context Stringent simultaneous quality of service (QoS) demands Part of larger systems Resource constrained Network-centric & large-scale Dynamic context Stringent simultaneous quality of service (QoS) demands Part of larger systems Resource constrained Total Ship C&C Center Total Ship Computing Environments

Tao LuMDA 4 Growing Trend: Component Middleware for DRE Applns Component middleware gaining importance (CCM, J2EE,.NET) Components encapsulate application core logic Components possess ports: Event sinks & sources Connection points e.g., receptacles Interfaces e.g., facets attributes Containers provide execution environment for components with common operating requirements Containers communicate via a middleware bus Middleware Bus Security ReplicationNotificationPersistence Container … … …

Tao LuMDA 5 Different Aspects in Component Middleware- based DRE Appln Provisioning & Deployment Specification & Implementation Application functionality specification, partitioning and implementation as standalone components Packaging bundling a suite of software binary modules and metadata representing application components Installation populating a repository with the packages required by the application Configuration configuring the packages with the appropriate parameters to satisfy the functional and systemic requirements of application without constraining to any physical resources Planning making appropriate deployment decisions including identifying the entities, such as CPUs, of the target environment where the packages will be deployed Preparation moving the binaries to the identified entities of the target environment Launching triggering the installed binaries and bringing the application to a ready state Adaptation Runtime reconfiguration & resource management to maintain end-to-end QoS

Tao LuMDA 6 Related Work: MIC, Vanderbilt (Sztipanovits, Karsai, et al) Ptolemy, UC Berkeley (Lee et al) Cadena, KSU (John Hatcliff et al) Quality Connector, LMCO (Joe Cross et. al) Key Benefits Preserves DRE application functional & systemic QoS properties as high level models Domain-specific languages & analysis/synthesis tools transform models to customize underlying multi- layered middleware platforms Leverages & shapes standards for wider applicability Our Solution: Model-Driven Middleware for DRE Applns Middleware Bus Security ReplicationNotificationPersistence Container … … … …

Tao LuMDA 7 Boeing Bold Stroke: Our Research Vehicle Avionics Product Line Component Model DRE system with 3,000+ domain- specific software components, 3-5 million lines of C++ code 100+ developers Mission-control software for Boeing military aircraft, e.g., F-18 E/F, Harrier, UCAV Leverages the ACE+TAO middleware Used as Avionics Open Experimental Platform (OEP) for DARPA/IXO PCES & MoBIES programs Moving towards using CIAO CCM

Tao LuMDA 8 CoSMIC: Our MDM Tool Suite Applying OMG MDA to address DRE appln development & provisioning challenges w.r.t: 1.the packaging aspect 2.the configuration aspect 3.the planning aspect 4.the dynamic QoS provisioning & adaptation aspect … Container … … Our tool suite is called CoSMIC CoSMIC = Component Synthesis using Model Integrated Computing Middleware Bus Security ReplicationNotificationPersistence

Tao LuMDA 9 Challenge 1: Packaging Aspect Application components are bundled together into assemblies Several different assemblies tailored towards delivering different end-to- end QoS and/or using different algorithms can be part of the package e.g., Bold Stroke scenarios involve assembling & deploying hundreds of components Packages describing the components and assemblies can be scripted by using XML descriptors CONTEXT

Tao LuMDA 10 Challenge1: Packaging Aspect PROBLEMS (1/2) RT Event Channel Ad hoc techniques for ensuring syntactic & semantic compatibility End-to-end QoS metric assigned in ad hoc manner Ad hoc means to determine event channel support

Tao LuMDA 11 Challenge1: Packaging Aspect PROBLEMS (2/2) XML file in excess of 3,000 lines for medium sized scenarios Existing practices involve handcrafting the XML descriptors Modifications to the assemblies requires modifying XML file

Tao LuMDA 12 Challenge 1: Packaging Aspect Status: Component & Assembly Descriptor Modeling Language (CADML) developed in GME Used to model & synthesize assembly descriptor and package descriptor files for Boldstroke product scenarios SOLUTION

Tao LuMDA 13 Challenge 1: Packaging Aspect Next Steps Align CADML DSML with OMG’s D&C spec Improve syntactic & semantic compatibility checks Benchmarking of assemblies to assign QoS metrics

Tao LuMDA 14 Challenge 2: Configuration Aspect CONTEXT Platform independent configuration Configuration of components & assemblies Configuration of component containers Configuration of middleware bus (i.e., ORB) Configuration of component server Configuration of event channel support

Tao LuMDA 15 server object management middleware Challenge 2: Configuring Container Policies Existing techniques for metadata configurations rely on ad hoc manual configurations e.g., CORBA server-side programming PROBLEMS (1/3) Determine the server object management policies Determine right buffer sizes Determine thread pool sizes; how are they shared; number of lanes and their priorities; if borrowing is enabled This “glue code” is traditionally handcrafted Ensure semantic compatibility among chosen configurations Determine end-to-end priority propagation model to use

Tao LuMDA 16 Challenge 2: Configuring RT Event Channels PROBLEMS (1/3) This “glue code” for event channel integration is traditionally handcrafted Determine priority propagation policies for events Determine the right locking strategies Determine the right strategy for event channel integration i.e., within container or within component Enable colocation optimizations PROBLEMS (1/2)

Tao LuMDA 17 Challenge 2: Configuring Middleware End-to-End I/O Subsystem M/W Bus SkeletonStub PROBLEMS (2/2) Determine right concurrency strategy Determine right demux strategy Determine right marshaling optimizations Determine right connection mgmt policy Configuring subset of underlying transports Highly flexible middleware tend to provide numerous configuration knobs that can be configured to deliver required systemic properties to applications Existing techniques of metadata configurations rely on ad hoc manual selection of configuration parameters

Tao LuMDA 18 Challenge 2: Configuration Aspect SOLUTION Developed a domain-specific modeling language for TAO/CIAO called Options Configuration Modeling Language (OCML) using GME User provides a model of desired options & their values e.g., Middleware bus resources Concurrency & connection management strategies Constraint checker flags incompatible options Synthesizes XML descriptors for middleware configuration

Tao LuMDA 19 Challenge 2: Configuration Aspect High priority Next Steps Extend OCML to capture application QoS requirements in a platform independent form Design model transformers to synthesize platforms- specific configuration models Design tools that will determine the right values for various platform-specific configuration parameters Point of Contact Emre Turkaye, George Edwards, Gan Deng

Tao LuMDA 20 Research Snapshot Funded Projects DARPA Program Composition of Embedded Systems (PCES) DARPA Adaptive & Reflective Middleware Systems (ARMS) ITS Warehouse Management (Siemens) Fault Tolerant CORBA (Lockheed Martin) Collaborations Dr. Douglas C. Schmidt, Vanderbilt University Dr. Jeff Gray (Univ of Alabama, Birmingham) Dr. Swapna Gokhale (Univ of Connecticut) Dr. Marina Thottan (Bell Labs) Dr. Priya Narsimhan (CMU) Dr. Sylvester Fernandez (Lockheed Martin)

Tao LuMDA 21 Concluding Remarks Model, analyze, synthesize, and provision middleware technologies at multiple layers for distributed real-time and embedded systems that require simultaneous control of multiple quality of service properties end-to- end 1.Configure and deploy DRE applications end-to-end 2.Configure application component containers 3.Synthesize middleware-specific configurations 4.Synthesize dynamic QoS provisioning and adaptation logic 5.Benchmark provisioned system Model Driven Approach to:

Tao LuMDA 22 Downloading the Middleware & Tools Beta and Stable release can be accessed from

Tao LuMDA 23 EXTRA