WAVE CHARACTERISTICS

TRANSVERSE WAVE Crest: highest point of a transverse wave. Trough: lowest point of a transverse wave. Amplitude maximum distance that the particles of a wave’s medium vibrate from their rest position.

TRANSVERSE WAVE

LONGITUDINAL WAVE Aka compressional Compressions: area of a longitudinal wave that pushed together Rarefactions: area of a longitudinal wave that begins to move forward

LONGITUDINAL WAVE

WAVELENGTH distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on next wave. represented Greek letter lambda,.

PERIOD time that it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to occur. symbol T.

FREQUENCY number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time. SI unit hertz. inverse of period.

FREQUENCY – PERIOD FORMULA f 1 T f = frequency (period) T = time

WORK: f = 1/T f = 1 / 5 f = 5 s A man is standing on the shore of a beach, up to his knees in water. Every 5 seconds a wave breaks on him. What is the period of the wave? GIVEN: T= 5 s f = ? f 1 T

WAVE SPEED  how fast a wave moves depends on medium. it does not depend on frequency of wave.  v = velocity  = wavelength  f = frequency v f

WORK: v = × f v = (3.2 m)(0.60 Hz) v = 1.92 m/s Find the velocity of a wave in a wave pool if its wavelength is 3.2 m and its frequency is 0.60 Hz. GIVEN: v = ? = 3.2 m f = 0.60 Hz v f

WORK: f = v ÷ f = (5000 m/s) ÷ (417 m) f = 12 Hz An earthquake produces a wave that has a wavelength of 417 m and travels at 5000 m/s. What is its frequency? GIVEN: = 417 m v = 5000 m/s f = ? v f

ELECTROMAGNETIC SPECTRUM full range of light at different frequencies and wavelengths

DOPPLER EFFECT observed change in frequency of a wave when source or observer is moving Pitch: how high or low it is, higher-pitched sound is caused by sound waves of higher frequency.

DOPPLER EFFECT