TUTORIAL 8: Enhancing a Web Site with Advanced CSS Session 8.1.

OBJECTIVES Designing for the Mobile Web Testing a Mobile Design Configuring the Viewport Introducing Media Queries within HTML Documents Creating a Mobile Style Sheet Introducing Media Queries within CSS Files Designing for Portrait Orientation Designing for Landscape Orientation

DESIGNING FOR THE MOBILE WEB

TESTING ON MOBILE DEVICES Six Free Mobile Devices Emulators for testing your site: http://www.webdesignerdepot.com/2012/11/6-free-mobile-device-emulators-for-testing-your-site/

CONFIGURING THE VIEWPORT Mobile devices can display pages written for the larger screens found on desktop computers. The contents of a Web page are displayed within a window known as the viewport. Visual viewport Layout viewport Widths of Layout Viewport: - Layout viewport: complete content of the page. - Visual viewport: Web page content that appears on the screen Mobile version of Safari running on iPhone: 980px => Even if the iPhone screen is only 320px wide, the mobile browser acts as if the device was 980 px or more in width -

CONFIGURING THE VIEWPORT The page layout is always scaled to match the resolution of the device screen.

PRACTICE: CONFIGURING THE VIEWPORT Open the tmc.htm file. Add the viewport meta tag.

INTRODUCING MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN THE HTML DOCUMENT To create a media query for loading a style sheet, add the media attribute media = “devices and|or (features)” to the link element, where devices is a list of media devices, and features is a list of display features and their values as found on those devices

INTRODUCING MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN THE HTML DOCUMENT To associate a style sheet with screen devices that are less than or equal to a specific width, use the query media = “screen and (max-width: value)” where value is the maximum allowable width of the screen’s viewport To associate a style sheet with screen devices that are greater than or equal to a specific width, use the query media = “screen and (min-width: value)” where value is the minimum allowable width of the screen’s viewport.

INTRODUCING MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN THE HTML DOCUMENT To associate a style sheet with screen devices that fall within a range of screen widths, use the following query: media = “screen and (min-width: value and max-width: value)” To associate a style sheet with screen devices in portrait or landscape mode, use the query media = “screen and (orientation: type)” where type is either portrait or landscape.

PRACTICE: MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN HTML Add a link to the tmceffects.css style sheet file, using the style sheet for screen devices that have a minimum width of 501 pixels. Add the same media query for the tmclayout.css style sheet file. Use an Internet Explorer conditional comment for versions of IE before version 9 to link to the tmclayout.css and tmceffects.css style sheet for screen devices. Many patients and visitors visit the TMC website using mobile devices. Create a mobile version for TMC. Open tmcmobile.css from your data file folder in your text editor. Enter your name and the date in the comment section of the file, and then save tmcmobile.css. Create a link to the tmcmobile.css file to be accessed by only screen devices with maximum widths of 500 pixels.

CREATING A MOBILE STYLE SHEET

PRACTICE: CREATING A MOBILE STYLE SHEET Within the tmcmobile.css file, add a style rule to hide the nav tag within the header element, the image tag within the header element, the main section, the aside and the footer. Set the background color of the body to (107, 140, 80). For the header element, create a style rule to: Change the background with the image file hospview.jpg placed in the center-bottom of the background with no tiling Set the width to 100% Set the height to 150 pixels.

PRACTICE: CREATING A MOBILE STYLE SHEET 4. The navigation list containing links to each of the departments at TMC has the id depts. Create a style rule to set the width of this navigation list to 100%. 5. For the h1 elements within the depts navigation list, create a style rule to: Set the font size to 25 pixels Set the font color to white Set the margin to 15 pixels Center the text of the heading

INTRODUCING MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN CSS To apply a media query to a collection of style rules, apply the @media rule @media devices and|or (features) { styles } in your style sheet, where styles is those styles applied to the specified devices and features. To import a style sheet based on a media query, apply the following @import rule: @import url(url) devices and|or (features)

DESIGNING FOR PORTRAIT ORIENTATION

DESIGNING FOR LANDSCAPE ORIENTATION

PRACTICE: MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN CSS The preceding styles will be applied by default to the page in portrait orientation. Create an @media rule for the page in landscape orientation. Add the following style rule for list items of the nav element with the depts id displayed in landscape orientation: Set the width to 30% Float the list items on the left Set the margins to 5 pixels For portrait orientation, the navigation list containing links to each of the departments at TMC has the id depts. Create a style rule for the navigation links to: Display the links as blocks and set their width to 100% Set the text color to white and align the text in the center Set the space between lines to 50px

PRACTICE: MEDIA QUERIES WITHIN CSS 4. Along with the “portrait orientation” styles, create style rule for list items in the depts navigation list to: Display the items as blocks Add the background image file arrow.png to the right-center of the background with no tiling Set the width to 60% and the height to 50 pixels Add top and bottom margins of 5 pixels, and add left and right margins of auto Add a 1px solid white border and a radius of 10px