The human body: tissue types

The human body primary tissues: muscle nervous epithelial connective organs: composed of at least two primary tissues systems: organs located in different regions of the body that perform related functions

Primary Tissues muscle –skeletal –cardiac –smooth nervous tissue –neurons –glial cells epithelial tissue –membranes –glands

Primary Tissues connective tissue –fat (adipose) –cartilage –bone –blood

Epithelial Tissue membranes - flat sheets of cells that cover and line body surfaces Functions: lines, covers, produces glands Cells are connected together Have a basement layer of connective tissue Avascular Layers: –simple = 1 layer, regulates transport –stratified = many layers, acts as barrier shapes of cells in upper layer vary - squamous, cuboidal, columnar

Epithelial Tissue

columnar epithelium lining tubules of epididymis (male reproductive system)

Epithelial Tissue stratified epithelium lining trachea (respiratory system)

Connective Tissue Connective tissue is found everywhere in the body Functions: binds (connects) body parts; supports organs and systems, provides protection from mechanical damage Has both living (cells) and matrix (nonliving) components Matrix: lots of extracellular material between cells that is not alive –fluid –proteins

Types of Connective Tissue Types of connective: -Adipose- Areolar -Cartilage- Reticular -Osseous -Blood

Osseous Tissue Function: support the body and protect body cavities; produces blood Composed of bones cells in cavities called osteocytes, have a very hard matrix, and collagen fibers

Dense Connective Tissue Composed of collagen fibers Types: –Tendons: attach muscle to muscle –Ligaments: connects bones to bone

Areolar Tissue Web-like matrix Functions: –Cushions, protects –Soaks up water to act like glue that holds other tissues together

Connective Tissue cartilageboneblood

Adipose Tissue Contains lipids Cushions organs and stores nutrients Reticular Tissue Composed of delicate woven fibers Forms stroma Found in lymphatic organs

Blood Composed of fluid matrix called plasma Clotting fibers visible during clotting Cary nutrients, gases, and wastes through out the body

Connective Tissue fat (adipose)

Muscle Function: specialized to contract or shorten to produce movement skeletal muscle “voluntary” striated multiple nuclei per cell cardiac muscle found only in heart specialized striated muscle - not “voluntary” has intercalated discs uninuclei per cell smooth muscle “involuntary” not striated 1 nucleus per cell attached to hollow organs like the stomach, intestines, esophagus

Muscle intercalated discs

Nervous Tissue neurons (nerve cells) Function: irritability and conduction of impulses -Dendrites - receive information -Cell body - contains nucleus, metabolic center, integrates input -Axon - conducts nerve impulses glial cells provide support - enhance electrical activity of neurons

Nervous Tissue