By Sadie Entwisle, Sarah Ross, and Mandy McCandless

 The Wheel and Axel Compound MachinesWheel and AxelCompound Machines About the Compound Machine  What it is  How it works Video Pulley  What it is  How it works  Screws and levers Screws and levers   Screws  Levers  Incline Plaines and wedges Incline Plaines and wedges 1) Inclined Planes 2) Inclined Planes (continuation) 3) Wedges 4) Video’s 5) Pictures 6) Bibliography

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 It is a simple lever that rotates in a circle around a center point or fulcrum T.O.C

 A wheel and axle is a lever that rotates in a circle around a center point or fulcrum. The larger wheel (or outside) rotates around the smaller wheel (axle). Bicycle wheels, ferris wheels and gears are all examples of a wheel and axle. Wheels can also have a solid shaft with the center core as the axle such as a screwdriver or drill bit or the log in a log rolling contest. T.O.C

 One common way to work a wheel and axle is by wrapping a rope around a supported wheel with a lever sticking out. An object can be tied to the other end. By turning the lever, the rope either moves the object toward or away from you. T.O.C

 The pulley is a simple machine that uses ropes to lift heavy objects. T.O.C

 As I stated before, it is a simple machine that uses ropes to lift heavy objects.  The pulley system consists of one or more pulleys and a rope or a cable. The number of pulleys used may increase or decrease the mechanical advantage of the system. Generally, the higher the mechanical advantage is, the easier it is to lift the object that is being lifted. Overall, no matter how easy it is to use the pulley system, the system itself is not very efficient due to the force of friction. For example, one has to pull two meters of rope of cable through the pulleys in order to lift an object one meter.  The Pulley System The Pulley System T.O.C

 The pulley system consists of one or more pulleys and a rope or a cable. The number of pulleys used may increase or decrease the mechanical advantage of the system. Generally, the higher the mechanical advantage is, the easier it is to lift the object that is being lifted. Overall, no matter how easy it is to use the pulley system, the system itself is not very efficient due to the force of friction. For example, one has to pull two meters of rope of cable through the pulleys in order to lift an object one meter. T.O.C

  Screws Screws  Levers Levers

Its a simple machine. Its usually made of metal. It is used to fasten one object to another, to lift a heavy object, or to move an object by a precise amount. Two screws of the same pitch and diameter, one on the outer surface of a solid cylinder and the other on the inner surface of a hollow cylinder, can be arranged so that one may be driven spirally into the other, as in the common nut and bolt. The thread on the surface of the bolt is called the external, or male, screw; that on the inner surface of the nut, the internal, or female, screw. Since, however, there is much friction in the operation of a screw, the amount of work put into this machine is much greater than the amount done and the efficiency is small. The screw is often used for making delicate adjustments of tools and machines. Table of contents

In physics, a lever is a rigid object that is used with an appropriate fulcrum or pivot point to multiply the mechanical force that can be applied to another object. This is also termed mechanical advantage, and is one example of the principle movement. A lever is one of the six simple machines. An example: Table of contents

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1) Inclined Planes Inclined Planes 2) Inclined Planes (continuation) Inclined Planes (continuation) 3) Wedges Wedges 4) Video’s Video’s 5) Pictures Pictures 6) Bibliography Bibliography

 The inclined plane is a plane surface set at an angle, other than a right angle, against a horizontal surface. The inclined plane permits one to overcome a large resistance by applying a relatively small force through a longer distance than the load is to be raised. Ramps, sloping roads, chisels, hatchets, plows, air hammers, carpenter's planes---all of these are examples of the fourth basic machine: The inclined plane and its active twin brother the wedge. In the broadest sense, the wedge includes all devices for cutting and piercing---everything from a kitchen knife to the 'Flying Wedge' of football, a play so effective in splitting the opponents' formation it was outlawed.

 It is easier to understand how a wedge works by looking at the inclined plane, which is nothing more than a wedge sliced in half. The wedge does its job by moving... the inclined plane is held stationary while the "wedged material" is moved over it. The secret of the plane's mechanical advantage lies in its ability to split the force of gravity into two smaller forces; one perpendicular to and one parallel to the plane. It is only the parallel force which needs to be counteracted by pushing an object laying on the plane. If there is no friction on the plane, the pushing effort required will be 1/10th the weight if the length of the plane is 10 times its height. A similar relationship holds for any plane: the extra distance makes it possible to apply an effort smaller than the weight.

 The wedge is the active twin of the inclined plane. It does useful work by moving. In contrast, the inclined plane always remains stationary. This simple machine consists of a pair of inclined planes set face- to-face, that can sustain relative sliding or rolling motion. By moving one plane relative to the other, a wedge is capable of building up enormous force in a direction perpendicular to that of the moving wedge. Force multiplication varies inversely with the size of the wedge angle; a sharp wedge ( small inclined angle ) yields a large force. With adequate friction at the interfaces, the wedge becomes a separating, holding and stopping device with countless mechanical applications.

Cute Video Experiment Video All About Simple Machines Video

   For pictures and videos I went to these websites and Google images/video’s.

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 The compound Machine  Video

 A compound machine consists of two or more simple machines put together. In fact, most machines are compound machines. Compound machines can do more difficult jobs than simple machines alone. Their mechanical advantage is far greater, too. Some examples are a pair of scissors and a bicycle. T.O.C

 Example: p04 p04 T.O.C