Efficient Use of Biogas, Sewagegas and Landfillgas Combined Heat- and Power Generation Schnell Dual Fuel Technology Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG Hugo-Schrott-Straße Amtzell, Germany Tel.: +49 (7520) Innovative – modern – ground-breaking Wolfgang Jörger

Index Schnell, the company Principles of biogas and dual fuel technology Schnell dual fuel technology Schnell services and products Schnell product portfolio / service data Standardisation and series production Benefits of dual fuel technology Innovation Conclusion

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 3 Schnell, the company Founded in 1992 by Hans Jürgen Schnell Planning and construction of some 60 complete biogas plants. Currently > 285 employees 14,000 m² covered production facilities At present, some 2,300 machines operating in 20 countries on 4 continents Production capacity of up to 1,000 modules per annum Market leader in the production of dual fuel units Of the more than Biogasplants in Germany, approx are powered by Schnell

Schnell, the comany Amtzell/Korb: Headquarter R & D and Service

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 5 Schnell, the company Wangen: Management and production

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 6 Schnell, the company Serial production of CHP units

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 7 Principles Biogas and dual fuel technology Properties of biogas: Relationship between energy content and anti-knocking quality Energy content Knocking resistance CH 4 Content % Methane number Natural Gas CIS North Sea CH 4 Content %

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 8 Principles Biogas and dual fuel technology Properties of biogas: Relationship between energy content and laminar flame velocity Energy content Laminar flame velocity CH 4 Content % Natural Gas

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 9 Principles Biogas and dual fuel technology

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 10 Schnell dual fuel technology

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 11 Schnell dual fuel technology

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 12 Schnell dual fuel technology Benefits of regulating the ignition timing and combustion temperature individually for each cylinder: reduces faults and downtimes improves engine service life stabilises and increases efficiency improves emissions values can be converted to 100 % vegetable oil operation reduces ignition oil volumes economic use of biogenic ignition oils

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 13 Schnell services and products Schnell, a system supplier for the complete CHP system: CHP plant including instrumentation and control technology gas conditioning / gas blower ignition oil tank system exhaust gas heat exchanger emergency cooler heat distribution sound absorber/noise insulation

Schnell services and products Consulting Planning Installation and Commissioning Documentation Service and Warranty Schnell-Academy

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 15 Schnell product portfolio/ service data el. outputoutputefficiency biodiesel ignition oil in accordance with DIN 3046 consumption / hour 40 kW 37.0 % 0.8 litres 60 kW 39.0 %0.8 litres 75 kW 40.0 %1.0 litres 150 kW 41.0 %1.4 litres 170 kW 41.5 % 1.4 litres 180 kW 42.0 %2.3 litres 250 kW 43.0 %2.3 litres 265 kW47.0 %2.3 litres 340 kW 44.0 %3.1 litres 500 kW, 700 kW and 1.3 MW unit under development and testing Electrical efficiencies of Schnell dual fuel engines

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 16 Standardisation and series production enhances unit availability: 98 % of the plants achieve better than 8,400 hours of operation/year example of a peak plant: annual availability in the last two years over 8,700 hours at full load

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 17 Benefits of dual fuel technics heating up phase/run-up operation without external heating recommissioning/start-stop not sensitive to fluctuations in methane gas which can be caused by: irregular supplies of coproducts throughput of large volumes of slurry starting and operation possible, even with poor gas quality dual fuel engine starting is assured down to less than 30 % CH 4 whereas below 40 % CH 4 most gas engines will no longer start high reliability of supply for heat supply contracts economic advantage of high electrical efficiency

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 18 Benefits of dual fuel technology Dual fuel engine ES 250 Gas spark-ignition engine 200 kW Electrical output Electrical efficiency 250 kW 42 % 200 kW 39 % Biogas production per day/year2,472 m 3 Calorific value of biogas 5 kWh/m³ Energy input from biogas per annum 902,280 m³ 4,511,400 kWh 902,280 m³ 4,511,400 kWh Biogas consumption at 50 % CH 4 Full load hours per day 114 m³/h 21.7 h 103 m³/h 24.0 h Ignition oil use per hour/year2.3 l/h Energy input from ignition oil per year 18,217 l/a 182,173 kWh Power generation per annum Power revenue per annum Average feed-in tariff EEG 2009 of which generation revenue from biogas of which generation revenue from ignition oil 1,953,405 kWh € 407,675 €/kWh € 391,917 € 15,758 1,743,788 kWh € 371,601 €/kWh Ignition oil costs per l/year €/l 0.95€/year 17,306€/year 0.0 Power revenue minus ignition oil costs per annum Power revenue minus ignition oil costs per month € 390,369 € 32,530 € 371,601 € 30,967 Profit difference per annum Profit difference per month € 18,768 € 1,564 Comparison calculation for 2,472 m 3 biogas/day

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 19 Benefits of dual fuel technology Efficiency benefit of the Schnell dual fuel engine: enhanced electrical efficiency of the electrical CHP unit means increased power production for the same energy use/biogas A comparison: The volume of gas required to operate a 200 kW spark- ignition CHP unit can run a 250 kW electrical output dual fuel motor CHP unit.

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 20 Innovation 'Turbine generator' downstream turbine as supplementary module (30 kW electrical possible): additional exploitation of exhaust increase of electrical efficiency up to 48.5% possible technology bonus for turbine generator power (acc. to German legislation) enhance economic efficiency of biogas plant

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 21 Innovation high speed turbine generator power turbine

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 22 Innovation TG V2 Market launch Feb units sold, 31 in operation (Sep. 19 th 2010)

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 23 Conclusion In order to operate biogas plants, of whatever size, as efficiently as possible, the modern Schnell dual fuel unit is more interesting than ever because of its high electrical efficiency, high reliability and potential for innovation.

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 24 P.S. One who goes for an inefficient unit will later have to find more substrate.

© Schnell Zündstrahlmotoren AG & Co. KG 25 Many thanks for your attention.