Bit of Administration …. 6-Week Test6-Week Test –TONIGHT! 7:15-8:30, 3425 Sterling –55 multiple choice questions 2/3 conceptual use of the material2/3.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

08/04/2017 Gravity and Space.

Advertisements

Chapter 12 Gravity DEHS Physics 1.

UNIT 6 Circular Motion and Gravitation

Section 5-8: Satellites and “Weightlessness”

Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. Fix Astronomy Chapter 5.

Scores will be adjusted up by 10%

1.3 GRAVITATION AND SATELLITES. There is a mutual force of attraction between any two objects that is directly proportional to each of the masses, 5 kg.

PHYS16 – Lecture 27 Gravitation November 10, 2010.

Taking cube roots on a simple “scientific” calculator y x or using shift x  y 27 y x = or 27 shift x  y 3 = 3.

Ch12-1 Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation Chapter 12: Gravity F g = Gm 1 m 2 /r 2 G = 6.67 x Nm 2 /kg 2.

Physics 151: Lecture 28 Today’s Agenda

PH 201 Dr. Cecilia Vogel Lecture 23. REVIEW  equilibrium  stable vs. unstable  static OUTLINE  eqlb  universal gravitation.

Satellite Motion Monika V Sikand Ph.d Student Stevens Institute of Technology Department of Physics. Light and Life Laboratory. Hoboken.

Astronomy 1 – Winter 2011 Lecture 5; January

Gravitation Applications Lecturer: Professor Stephen T. Thornton

Gravity and Space. Gravity Gravity is an attractive force that affects anything with mass: Note that this force goes both ways – the Earth is attracted.

R OCKETS AND S ATELLITES Key Concepts How does a rocket lift off the ground? What keeps a satellite in orbit? Key Terms Satellite Centripetal force.

Rockets and Satellites

Introduction to Gravity and Orbits. Isaac Newton Born in England in 1642 Invented calculus in early twenties Finally published work in gravity in 1687.

Today’s APODAPOD  Start Reading NASA website (Oncourse)  2 nd Homework due TODAY  IN-CLASS QUIZ NEXT FRIDAY!! The Sun Today A100 Solar System.

The Earth and the Universe. Earth’s Motion and Seasons The goals of this lesson: I can apply the laws of motion to the movement of satellites. I can explain.

Newton and Kepler. Newton’s Law of Gravitation The Law of Gravity Isaac Newton deduced that two particles of masses m 1 and m 2, separated by a distance.

Chapter 4: Newton and Universal Motion

Universal Gravitation

Gravity ISCI More Free Fall Free Fall Vertical and Horizontal Components of Free Fall.

Rocket Science Rocket Science Dr. Martin Hendry Glasgow University Reach for the Stars.

Kepler’s first law of planetary motion says that the paths of the planets are A. Parabolas B. Hyperbolas C. Ellipses D. Circles Ans: C.

1. Space Travel 2 Scientists use what they know about forces and motion 3 when they send rockets into space.

Circular Motion.

Physics 215 – Fall 2014Lecture Welcome back to Physics 215 Today’s agenda: Newtonian gravity Planetary orbits Gravitational Potential Energy.

Planetary Motion It’s what really makes the world go around.

Bit of Administration …. ReadingReading –Bless, pp –BNSV, pp Observing LabsObserving Labs –Lab 2 should be underway 10 minutes every.

Physics 221 Chapter 13 Is there gravity on Mars? Newton's Law of Universal Gravitation F = GmM/r 2 Compare with F = mg so g = GM/r 2 g depends inversely.

More on Kepler’s Laws. Can be shown that this also applies to an elliptical orbit with replacement of r with a, where a is the semimajor axis. K s is.

Physics 101 THursday 10/27/11 Class 19 Chapter 12.2 – 12.3 Gravitational attraction of spherical bodies Keplers laws.

Planetary Motion 4/28/ b pgs IN: What causes night and day?

AST 101 Lecture 7 Newton’s Laws and the Nature of Matter.

Kepler’s Laws 1. The orbits of the planets are ellipses, with the sun at one focus of the ellipse. 2. The line joining the planet to the sun sweeps out.

CIRCULAR MOTION. Path of an object in circular motion: The velocity is tangential The acceleration is directed towards the center (centripetal acceleration)

Chapter 3: Gravity, Friction, and Pressure 12.1 Gravity is a force exerted by masses 12.2 Friction is a force that opposes motion 12.3 Pressure depends.

Rockets. Rocket  A chamber enclosing a gas under pressure  Small opening allows gas to escape providing thrust in the process  Which of Newton’s Laws?

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation

Proportionality between the velocity V and radius r

Physics 231 Topic 9: Gravitation Alex Brown October 30, 2015.

Student text Pages ROCKETS AND SATELLITES. TOPIC: ROCKETS AND SATELLITES  How does a rocket lift off the ground?  The awesome achievement of lifting.

Bit of Administration …. LabLab –If cloudy through Sunday, may need to continue next month. –If one clear night, proceed HomeworkHomework 6-week Test6-week.

Newton’s Universal Law of Gravitation Chapter 8. Gravity What is it? The force of attraction between any two masses in the universe. It decreases with.

Satellites D. Crowley, 2008.

Spring 2002 Lecture #21 Dr. Jaehoon Yu 1.Kepler’s Laws 2.The Law of Gravity & The Motion of Planets 3.The Gravitational Field 4.Gravitational.

PHYS 1441 – Section 002 Lecture #13 Monday, March 4, 2013 Dr. Jaehoon Yu Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation Motion in Resistive Force Work done by a.

Do Now (A Do Now (B): Do Now (C): Do Now (A ): Type I  Give 5 examples of One- Dimensional Motion Do Now (B): Type II  List the 5 formulas for One- Dimensional.

Planetary Motion 19-1b pgs IN: What causes night and day?

Rockets and Satellites. How Do Rockets Lift Off? Rockets and space shuttles lift into space using Newton’s third law of motion.

PHYSICS 103: Lecture 11 Circular Motion (continued) Gravity and orbital motion Example Problems Agenda for Today:

Newton’s Law of Universal Gravitation. Law of Universal Gravitation.

The Motion of Planets Kepler’s laws Johannes Kepler.

Sect. 6-4 Satellites and “Weightlessness”. Satellites are routinely put into orbit around the Earth. The tangential speed must be high enough so that.

Chapter 13 Gravitation In this chapter we will explore the following topics: -Newton’s law of gravitation that describes the attractive force between two.

KS3 Physics 9J Gravity and Space.

Kepler’s Laws of Orbital Motion

Last Time: Centripetal Acceleration, Newtonian Gravitation

A Solar System is Born.

Chapter 13 Gravitation In this chapter we will explore the following topics: -Newton’s law of gravitation that describes the attractive.

Chapter 13 Gravitation In this chapter we will explore the following topics: -Newton’s law of gravitation, which describes the attractive force between.

KS3 Physics 9J Gravity and Space.

Year 9 multiple-choice main test 9J Gravity and space

Presentation transcript:

Bit of Administration …. 6-Week Test6-Week Test –TONIGHT! 7:15-8:30, 3425 Sterling –55 multiple choice questions 2/3 conceptual use of the material2/3 conceptual use of the material 1/3 recall1/3 recall –All material in lecture, discussion, homeworks through Wednesday; readings on that material through Wednesday; readings on that material Reading Reading –Download NASA article from

Newton’s Law of Gravity 1 2 FgFg FgFg M 1 = Mass of object 1 (grams) M 2 = Mass of object 2 (grams) D = Distance between objects (cm) G = 6.67x10 -8 cm 3 /sec 2 /gm D

Newton’s Law of Gravity Kepler’s 3rd Law A S P In order for planet P to travel in a circle around the Sun… Central Force = Gravitational Force Velocity depends only on distance, not on mass of planet Velocity decreases w. greater distance

Newton’s Law of Gravity Kepler’s 3rd Law A C P

Newton’s Law of Gravity Kepler’s 3rd Law In general, in units of cm, sec, gms For the Earth In general, in units of AU, years, solar masses For objects orbiting the Sun (M c = 1 M o ) A C P 1 Solar Mass

Nature and nature’s laws Lay hid in the night God said, “Let Newton be!” And all was light! - Alexander Pope

Newton’s Law of Gravity Kepler’s 3rd Law - General Form for M central >> M orbiting object P = Period of Orbit (years) A = Semi-Major Axis of Orbit (AU) M c = Mass of central body (Solar Masses, M o ) A C orb

Newton’s Law of Gravity Kepler’s 3rd Law - Weighing the Solar System A Suppose a satellite is in orbit 8600 km above the Earth’s surface. Its period is 0.2 days. What is the mass of the Earth? A = 15,000 km = AU (Earth radius is 6400 km) P = 0.2 days = 6 x yr

Astronautics

Astronautics

Astronautics What makes rockets go? What makes rockets go? Newton’s 3rd Law Newton’s 3rd Law

Astronautics

Astronautics Burn fuel to create hot gas Burn fuel to create hot gas Allow gas to escape Allow gas to escape Action of escaping gas => reaction of rocket motion Action of escaping gas => reaction of rocket motion Important! The rocket does not push against anything - Important! The rocket does not push against anything - this physics equally valid in the vacuum of space this physics equally valid in the vacuum of space What makes rockets go? What makes rockets go? Newton’s 3rd Law Newton’s 3rd Law

Astronautics Before launch, the vast majority of mass to lifted is fuel! Before launch, the vast majority of mass to lifted is fuel!

Astronautics

Astronautics Launch Trajectory Earth Atmosphere (not to scale)

Astronautics Launch Trajectory Earth Earth Rotation 10,800 km/hr

Astronautics Launch Trajectory into Orbit Earth Earth Rotation 10,800 km/hr 28,800 km/hr for orbit at Earth’s surface

In you were going to point in the direction that the Earth is rotating*, you would point A) To the East A) To the East B) To the West B) To the West * Or put another way, the direction that you are moving right now because of the rotation of the Earth. ConcepTest!

Cape Canaveral Earth Rotation 10,800 km/hr

Astronautics Special Orbits Special Orbits Geosynchronous Geosynchronous 36,000 km Mid-Earth Orbit Mid-Earth Orbit 20,000 km Low-Earth Orbit Low-Earth Orbit 200 km NP

In which orbit does a satellite have the longest period? A) Low-Earth orbit A) Low-Earth orbit B) Mid-Earth orbit B) Mid-Earth orbit C) Geo-synchronous orbit C) Geo-synchronous orbit D) Depends on the mass of the satellite D) Depends on the mass of the satelliteConcepTest!

Astronautics Special Orbits Special Orbits Geosynchronous Geosynchronous 36,000 km 24 hrs Weather, Surveillance Mid-Earth Orbit Mid-Earth Orbit 20,000 km 12 hrs GPS, Communications Low-Earth Orbit Low-Earth Orbit 200 km 90 min Space Shuttle, Hubble Space Telescope NP

In which orbit is a satellite moving faster? A) Low-Earth orbit (Space Shuttle) A) Low-Earth orbit (Space Shuttle) B) Mid-Earth orbit (GPS satellites) B) Mid-Earth orbit (GPS satellites) C) Geo-synchronous orbit (Weather satellites) C) Geo-synchronous orbit (Weather satellites) D) Depends on the mass of the satellite D) Depends on the mass of the satelliteConcepTest!

Astronautics Special Orbits Special Orbits Mid-Earth Polar Orbit Mid-Earth Polar Orbit 20,000 km 12 hrs Spy Satellites, GPS

Cape Canaveral Earth Rotation 10,800 km/hr Vandenberg AFB

If you are going to launch a satellite into a polar orbit from Vandenberg AFB, in which of these directions would you launch? A) Southeast A) Southeast B) South B) South C) Southwest C) Southwest D) West D) WestConcepTest!