FALL DETECTION USING SMS ALERT

AIM  To find effective & timely fall of elderly and paralyzed patients using our fall detection method which is a combination of mobile phone & pattern recognition algorithm.

PHYSIOLOGICAL BACKGROUND What is Fall?  to drop or come down freely under the influence of gravity  to drop oneself to a lower or less erect position Types of serious physiological injury -  bleeding  fracture  centre nervous system damages

Fall detection methods –  Video based  Acoustic based  Wearable sensor based Wearable sensor based system –  Micro sensors embedded into clothes  Monitor the human activities in real time  Use of cell phone and intelligent processing of pattern recognition algorithms  SMS alert is sent to local General Physician & close relative of the patient.

SENSOR (Accelerometer) SIGNAL CONDITIONING A – D CONVERTER MICRO - CONTROLLER GPRS SIM SMS To Relative/ Doctor

COMPONENTS

SENSOR - Accelerometer ADXL 335 i.Front Viewii. Back View

ADXL  small  thin  low power  complete 3 axis accelerometer  signal conditioned voltage outputs.

FeaturesSpecifications 3-axis sensing Small, low-profile package 4 mm × 4 mm × 1.45 mm Low power μA Single-supply operation – 1.8 V to 3.6 V 10,000 g shock survival Excellent temperature stability # of Axes: 3 Range: +/- 3g Sensitivity: 300 mV/g Output Type: Analog Typical Bandwidth (kHz): 1.6kHz Noise Density (µg/rtHz): 300 Supply Current : 350µA

SIM 300 GPRS Modem

Features of SIM 300 GPRS Modem SIM Card Slot Input Supply Filter Capacitor Power On LED Network LED On Board Mike RJ 45 Connector On Board Buzzer SMA Female Connector

Antenna SMA male connector and a helical antenna inside the structure.

ATmega8 Microcontroller

Bug strip Male Bug strip Female

7805 Regulator  Voltage regulator integrated circuit  The xx in 78xx indicates the fixed output voltage it is designed for  Maintains constant +5V regulated power supply

16 MHz crystal  Electronic oscillator circuit  Uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material  Creates an electrical signal with a very precise frequency  Quartz crystals are used as piezoelectric resonator

100 µF/16V capacitor  Conducts alternating current (AC)  Blocks direct current (DC)  To store energy  To filter signals according to their frequency 10K resistor  Passive two-terminal electrical component  Resists the flow of current

12V Rechargeable Battery

One way Jumper wire

CIRCUIT DESIGN

FUTURE Scope  Fall detection systems need to designed more accurately to avoid false alarms  User friendly features needs to be incorporated to overcome the evolving frustration

ADVANTAGEs  Automated fall detections using sensors  Even slight manual intervention of pressing of a button is not required from elderly & paralytic persons  Immediate notification of fall detected to local physician & one close relative of patient  Cheap & available in affordable rates  Sensors are reliable & damage proof even when used by heavy bodied patients

DISADVANTAGEs  False alarms if generated could be frustrating for seniors.  In case of bad network coverage in mobiles SMS alerts could be delayed.  Fall SMS Alerts cannot be used with CDMA SIM Cards

CONCLUSION Fall detection may be necessary for your mother or father’s situation – even with the potential high rate of false alarms.

BIBILIOGRAPHY