Exploring a new style in the Visual Arts & Architecture

ART NOUVEAU Art Nouveau, , explores a new style in the visual arts and architecture that developed in Europe and North America at the end of the nineteenth century. Art Nouveau designers also believed that all the arts should work in harmony to create a "total work of art," or Gesamtkunstwerk: buildings, furniture, textiles, clothes, and jewelry all conformed to the principles of Art Nouveau.

ART NOUVEAU

Paul Signac French ( ) Portrait of Félix Fénéon, 1890 oil on canvas Private collection

ART NOUVEAU René Lalique French ( ) Dragonfly woman corsage ornament, c gold, enamel, chrysoprase, moonstones, and diamonds Metamorphosis, or change from one physical form to another, was a major theme for many Art Nouveau artists. Here, woman and insect are fused into an almost menacing creature with golden claws.

ART NOUVEAU Russian Roller- Printed Cotton; late 19th - early 20th century Flowing lines of floral and nature inspired shapes repeat to create the pattern of the fabric.

ART NOUVEAU

Antoní Gaudí Spanish ( ) Wall clock from the Casa Milá, Barcelona, gilded wood The leafy, asymmetrical swirls surrounding the timepiece are inspired by the gilded curves of the rococo period, which was an important influence on Art Nouveau designers.

ART NOUVEAU Tiffany Studios American (firm active ) Wisteria table lamp, c leaded glass and bronze No American designer was more closely linked with Art Nouveau than Louis Comfort Tiffany, whose luminous glass designs wedded bold technical innovations with the highest artistry. Illuminated from within by the newly invented light bulb, his lamps, such as this one designed in 1902, glowed with colorful representations of nature. This lamp is shaped so that the stained glass resembles the drooping purple flowers of the wisteria plant. The striking naturalism is reinforced by the lamp's bronze stand, which is shaped like a thick vine or tree trunk with spreading roots at the base.

ART NOUVEAU Tiffany Studios American (firm active ) Jack-in-the-pulpit vase, c Favrile glass Private Collection Shaped like a slender stalk and open blossom, this glass vase designed by the American glass master Louis Comfort Tiffany was inspired by the Jack-in-the-pulpit plant. Tiffany described its shimmering surface in his 1880 patent application: "The effect is a highly iridescent one of pleasing metallic luster produced by forming a film of a metal or its oxide either by exposing the glass to vapors or gases or by direct application."

ART NOUVEAU Vilmos Zsolnay Hungarian ( ) Vase, 1899 earthenware with metallic luster glaze

ART NOUVEAU Émile Gallé French ( ) Dragonfly coupe, c carved and applied glass Art Nouveau artists were fascinated by the buzzing life of insects, whose life cycle best conveyed the idea of evolution. The dragonfly, a favorite subject in Japanese art, was particularly popular. Here the French artist Émile Gallé portrays one on glass with extraordinary sensitivity. Gallé considered his work to be a "hymn to the glory of Nature and her mysteries." This delicate cup, made in 1904, the year Gallé died, is an excellent example of the lyrical beauty and technical mastery of his glassmaking.

ART NOUVEAU