BREAST AND CERVICAL CANCER CONTROL PROGRAM Emily Vance Nursing 250

COMMUNITY ENVIRONMENT  The BCCCP is offered to all eligible women throughout Michigan  Located at county health departments and then referred to local participating providers  Also offered at certain tribal health clinics

BCCCP OF MICHIGAN  Implemented by the Michigan Department of Community Health (MDCH) in *received grant from U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to start program

VULNERABLE POPULATIONS Women who:  Have an income < 250% of federal poverty level  Are uninsured or underinsured  Are age for breast/cervical cancer screening and for diagnostic follow-up of breast/cervical abnormalities.  Are age 18 – 39, have been identified with a cervical abnormality through the Title X Program, and referred to the BCCCP for cervical cancer diagnostic follow-up. ** Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Program

WHAT IS TITLE X?  Devoted to providing comprehensive family planning and other related preventive health services to individuals.  These services are provided to low-income and uninsured individuals (including those who are not eligible for Medicaid) who might not otherwise have access to these health care services at reduced or no cost.  Its overall purpose is to promote positive birth outcomes and healthy families by allowing individuals to decide the number and spacing of their children. **U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Population Affairs

Federal Poverty Level (2013)* Size of Family Unit Poverty Guideline250% of Poverty Level 1 $11,490$28,725 2 $15,510$38,775 3 $19,530$48,825 4 $23,550$58,875 5 $27,570$68,925 6 $31,590$78,975 7 $35,610$89,025 8 $39,630$99,075 Each additional member (beyond 8) $4,020add $10,050 *The federal poverty level figures are updated annually. ** Michigan Department of Community Health

BREAST CANCER STATISTICS FOR MICHIGAN

CERVICAL CANCER STATISTICS FOR MICHIGAN

SERVICES PROVIDED BY BCCCP & COSTS TO PATIENTS  Screening Services Provided:  Clinical Breast Examinations  Mammograms  Pap Tests  Pelvic Exams  Diagnostic Services Provided: (Not all services are covered, but it does offer 75 free of cost diagnostic services. Here are a few listed below)  Diagnostic mammograms  Ultrasounds  Breast biopsy  Colposcopy services  Colposcopy-directed biopsy services  Medical consultations and  Selected anesthesia services  Cancer Treatment  Payment is not covered  Women may be eligible to apply for Medicaid coverage. They will receive Medicaid coverage as long as they are undergoing treatment for breast or cervical cancer.  If a woman does not qualify for Medicaid, the BCCCP agency will assist her in obtaining the needed cancer treatment. To find a local agency near you call MAMM.

HEALTH PROMOTION THEORY  Pender’s Model of Health Promotion  “Nola Pender developed her Health Promotion model after seeing professionals intervening only after patients developed acute or chronic health problems. She became convinced that patients' quality of life could be improved by the prevention of problems before this occurred, and health care dollars could be saved by the promotion of healthy lifestyles.” – Nursing Theory  Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Program of Michigan  This program is directly modeled after Pender’s theory  Prevention is the key point addressed in both

ROLE OF THE NURSE  Promote preventative screening to all eligible women  Perform accurate health history  Offer support and referrals to women who have received a positive cancer screening How might this role be expanded?  Offer education to younger girls on the importance of having preventative screenings  Advocate for non-eligible women wanting preventative screenings

EVALUATION OF PROGRAM  Awesome program  Prevention helps lower healthcare costs by decreasing the amount of expensive procedures being used  Early detection of STDs decreases transmission rates and reduces the number of HPV cases becoming cervical cancer  Ways to strengthen program:  Offer selected services to younger age groups who are also at risk  Provide more awareness of the programs services  Offer incentives to get women to come in regularly for screenings  Have more educational material located on their websites about the program

REFERENCES Michigan Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Program. (2013). Retrieved August 8, 2013 from Michigan Department of Community Health. (2013). Michigan breast and cervical cancer control program. Retrieved August 8, 2013 from Michigan Public Health Institute. (2011). The cancer burden in michigan. Retrieved August 10, 2013 from ts_ _371092_7.pdf Nursing Theory. (2011). Nola Pender – nursing theorist. Retrieved August 10, 2013 from U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office of Population Affairs. (2008). Family planning. Retrieved August 9, 2013 from