BACTERIUM AND VIRUS IMAGES. Colour-enhanced electron micrograph of norovirus, known as the ‘winter vomiting bug’. The virus particles are 27–38 nanometres.

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BACTERIUM AND VIRUS IMAGES

Colour-enhanced electron micrograph of norovirus, known as the ‘winter vomiting bug’. The virus particles are 27–38 nanometres in diameter. Credit: David Gregory & Debbie Marshall/Wellcome Images Norovirus

Colour-enhanced transmission electron micrograph of a brain-cell nucleus being overrun with replicating measles virus. Encephalitis (brain inflammation) occurs in 1 in 1,000 cases of measles. Credit: Mike Kayser/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM Measles in a brain cell

Scanning electron micrograph of a colony of Helicobacter, the bacterium that causes most stomach ulcers. Credit: David Gregory & Debbie Marshall/Wellcome Images. BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM Helicobacter bacteria

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) virions (blue) budding from the surface of a T cell (a type of lymphocyte). The viruses replicate inside the cell, with the different components gathering at the cell membrane to be assembled into new virus particles. Credit: R Dourmashkin/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM HIV particles budding from a lymphocyte

Influenza viruses (blue) attaching to the cells of the upper respiratory tract. Viruses floating in the air are breathed in and bind to the hair-like microvilli and cilia on the surface of the cells that line the trachea. They then enter the cells and start to proliferate, eventually causing the cells to die. Credit: R Dourmashkin/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM Influenza virus infecting cells

Clusters of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) bacteria. Credit: Annie Cavanagh/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM MRSA

A lesion in human cervical epithelium infected with human papilloma virus (HPV16). Early viral proteins (green) bind to and reorganise the keratin filaments (red) towards the edge of the cell. Cell nuclei are stained blue. Credit: MRC NIMR/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM HPV in cervical epithelium

A model of the H1N1 virus, which causes ‘swine flu’. The name H1N1 refers to the types of haemagglutinin and neuraminidase proteins on the surface of the virus. There are roughly ten times as many haemagglutinin proteins (red) as neuraminidase (yellow). In the centre is the single-stranded viral RNA (purple). Credit: Anna Tanczos/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM H1N1 virus

Illustration of the structure of a single Ebola virus particle. The Ebola virus belongs to the Filoviridae family of viruses and causes Ebola virus disease (also known as Ebola haemorrhagic fever) in humans. A. Viral protein VP40; B. Viral protein VP24; C. Nucleoprotein, encapsulating viral RNA; D. Minor nucleoprotein VP30, E. Surface glycoprotein Credit: Pete Jeffs/Wellcome Images BIGPICTUREEDUCATION.COM Ebola virus structure

Reusing our images Images and illustrations All images, unless otherwise indicated, are from Wellcome Images. Contemporary images are free to use for educational purposes (they have a Creative Commons Attribution, Non-commercial, No derivatives licence). Please make sure you credit them as we have done on the site; the format is ‘Creator’s name, Wellcome Images’.Creative Commons Attribution, Non-commercial, No derivatives licence Historical images have a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence: they’re free to use in any way as long as they’re credited to ‘Wellcome Library, London’.Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence Flickr images that we have used have a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence, meaning we – and you – are free to use in any way as long as the original owner is credited.Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 licence Cartoon illustrations are © Glen McBeth. We commission Glen to produce these illustrations for ‘Big Picture’. He is happy for teachers and students to use his illustrations in a classroom setting, but for other uses, permission must be sought. We source other images from photo libraries such as Science Photo Library, Corbis and iStock and will acknowledge in an image’s credit if this is the case. We do not hold the rights to these images, so if you would like to reproduce them, you will need to contact the photo library directly. If you’re unsure about whether you can use or republish a piece of content, just get in touch with us at