TYPES OF GALAXIES. Edwin Hubble Early 1900’s: astronomers determined that galaxies appear in a low number of shapes Hubble (1920s): developed a classification.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Galaxies & the Universe

Advertisements

SWBAT: 1. Use the hubble tuning fork to classify galaxies. WOD: Initial Activity: Read the about seeing The Milky Way from Earth and describe how it is.

Galaxies (Study Guide) (ES1-E) I know that our Sun is one of hundreds of billions of stars in the Milky Way galaxy. Many of these stars have planets orbiting.

Galaxy Classification

Week 8 Galaxies Reading: Chapter 15, Sections 1, 3 (9 pages)

The Universe of Galaxies. A Brief History Galileo.

The Milky Way Galaxy part 2

Galaxies Astronomy 315 Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 20.

Galaxies PHYS390 Astrophysics Professor Lee Carkner Lecture 20.

Chapter 31 Galaxies & the Universe Review & Recap It does this by precisely measuring the speed of gas and stars around a black hole. This provides clues.

Galaxy Classification. Edwin Hubble was the first person to establish the distances to other galaxies. Edwin Hubble was the first person to establish.

Formation of Galaxies Types of Galaxies

A1143 Quiz 4 Distribution of Grades: No Curve. Milky Way: Bright Band Across Sky (Resolved by Galileo)

Galaxies. Hubble’s Galaxy Classification American astronomer Edwin Hubble was the first to categorize galaxies in a comprehensive way. His observations.

Note that the following lectures include animations and PowerPoint effects such as fly ins and transitions that require you to be in PowerPoint's Slide.

Galaxies Chapter 16. Galaxies Star systems like our Milky Way Contain a few thousand to tens of billions of stars. Large variety of shapes and sizes.

Galaxies Chapter 13:. Galaxies Contain a few thousand to tens of billions of stars, Large variety of shapes and sizes Star systems like our Milky Way.

22.3 Galaxies, Different Sizes and Shapes CLICK ME!!!

An Astronomer at the Mount Wilson Observatory in California.

Part 5: The Galaxy and the Universe In this final part of the course, we will: 1. Look at the big spatial picture: Are there organizations of stars? What.

Another galaxy: NGC The Milky Way roughly resembles it.

The Universe Looking at Galaxies. The Universe Early in the history of the universe, hydrogen and helium (and other forms of matter) clumped together.

Galaxies. Galaxies A galaxy is a huge region of space that contains hundreds of billions of stars, planets, glowing nebulae, dust, empty space, and possibly.

Space The final frontier. The Universe Includes all existing matter, energy, and space Includes all planets (can’t count them), solar systems (billions),

Organizing the cosmos Galaxies & our Universe There is still uncertainty on exactly how the universe and our solar system formed. There are many theories.

GALAXIES These are galaxy clusters and separate galaxies taken by long-range telescope. The area of the sky covered is less than the diameter of the moon.

The Milky Way Appears as a band of light stretching across the sky There are dark regions along the band, giving the appearance of a lack of stars This.

Historical background Until the 1920's it was believed that our Milky Way was all there was to the universe. As early as the 18th century, the philosopher.

The Milky Way. The Milky Way Galaxy A broad, faintly glowing band stretching across the night sky.

Galaxies The Universe is filled with these star systems which themselves cluster together into larger systems.

GALAXIES, GALAXIES, GALAXIES! A dime a dozen… just one of a 100,000,000,000! 1.Galaxy Classification Ellipticals Dwarf Ellipticals Spirals Barred Spirals.

The Milky Way Galaxy 25.3 The Universe  A galaxy is a group of stars, dust, and gases held together by gravity. The Milky Way is a large spiral galaxy.

Galaxies Cities of Stars.

1 Galaxies The Andromeda Galaxy - nearest galaxy similar to our own. Only 2 million light years away! Galaxies are clouds of millions to hundreds of billions.

The Nature of Galaxies Chapter 17. Other Galaxies External to Milky Way –established by Edwin Hubble –used Cepheid variables to measure distance M31 (Andromeda.

GALAXIES. There are Three main classes (as classified by Hubble). A. Spiral B. Elliptical C. Irregular 1. Spiral galaxies. Disk + central bulge. M51 M51.

Galaxies Stellar Neighborhoods. What are Galaxies? Galaxies are –Huge –Held together by gravity –Comprised of… Stars Objects that orbit those stars The.

By: Rose Zimmerman. Main Points  Shape  Classification  Properties  Large Magellanic Cloud  Small Magellanic Cloud  Dwarf Irregular Galaxy  Stars.

Galaxy Classification Image Credit: NASA. Theory Presentation The aim of this project will be to introduce students to the concept of varying galactic.

Galaxies. A galaxy is made of billions of stars, dust, and gas all held together by gravity. Galaxies are scattered throughout the Universe. They vary.

Introduction to Galaxies 5/23/2013. BR: Milky Way Scale The Milky Way has a diameter of approximately 8.25 x 10 9 AU (8.25 billion AU). 206,265 AU = 3.26.

30.3 Star Groups. Constellations Constellations:________________________ _____________________________________. Standard set of ____ constellations set.

Galaxies are described according to the Hubble tuning fork diagram which classifies galaxies according to there shapes. S0 is an extra category that Hubble.

1._____began from a nebula that was disturbed (big bang) 2._____observed the phases of Venus (astronomers) 3._____theory of the sun centered view of the.

7.2 Galaxies pp

Galaxies. Edwin Hubble ( ) Discovered that the universe goes beyond the Milky Way He was the first person to establish the distances to other.

CHAPTER 31 THE GALAXIES & THE UNIVERSE. GALAXIES Scattered throughout the universe Made up of stars, dust and gas held together by gravity There are three.

Galaxies Star systems like our Milky Way

Galaxies and Stars.

Types & Hubble’s Classification Scheme

Milky Way…….More than just a candy bar! p. 234 or WB 149

Objectives Describe how astronomers classify galaxies.

Galaxies Chapter 30 Section 3.

Galaxies H Ch 31.2 Largest Galaxy.

Galaxy Classification

Galaxies! Out of this World.

Ch. 31 – Galaxies & the Universe

Announcements Observing for third exam starts today.

Galaxies How big is the Universe? Types of galaxies Groups of galaxies

Galaxy Classification

Presentation transcript:

TYPES OF GALAXIES

Edwin Hubble Early 1900’s: astronomers determined that galaxies appear in a low number of shapes Hubble (1920s): developed a classification scheme for galaxies that is still used today

Hubble Classification of Galaxies 4 main shapes with subclasses Spirals Barred spirals Ellipticals Irregulars

Properties of Galaxies Spiral and barred spiral EllipticalIrregular Mass (x M sun )10 9 to 4 x to to 3 x Luminosity (x L sun )10 8 to 2 x x 10 5 to to 10 9 Diameter (ly)1.6 x 10 4 to 8 x x 10 3 to 6.5 x x 10 3 to 3 x 10 4 Percentage of Observed Galaxies 77%20%3%

Spiral Galaxies Characterized by a central bulge and curved lanes of stars, which appear as arms that spiral outward The more tightly wound the spiral, the larger the bulge Three types of spiral galaxies: Sa (spiral type a): tightly wound spiral arms Sb: moderately wound spiral arms Sc: loosely wound spirals Typical spiral galaxies contain 100 billion stars and measure 10 5 light years in diameter Closest spiral galaxy to us: Andromeda Galaxy

Spiral Galaxies Aside from amount of winding, the spiral arms can have one of two structures Some galaxies have spiral arms that are broad, fuzzy, chaotic, and poorly defined: flocculent spirals Others have spiral arms that are thin, delicate, graceful and well defined: grand-design spirals

Barred Spiral Galaxies A spiral galaxy with a bar of stars crossing through the central bulge Include our own Milky Way Spiral: no line of stars across central bulge: Barred spiral: line of stars is present

Barred Spiral Galaxies Have less mass than normal spiral galaxies Account for about 1/3 of all spirals Two main arms typically extend from the ends of the bar rather than from the central bulge itself

Elliptical Galaxies Have no spiral arms Tremendous range in size and mass Dwarf elliptical galaxies are the most common ellipticals Contain only a few million stars Can see straight through the center of the galaxy Hard to detect Giant elliptical galaxies are more rare

Elliptical Galaxies Are subdivided based on how round or oval they look Numbered from E0 to E7 Roundest elliptical galaxies are E0 galaxies Most elongated elliptical galaxies are E7 galaxies

Irregular Galaxies All other observed galaxies that cannot be classified as spiral, barred spiral, or elliptical

Hubble’s Summary S0: intermediate between ellipticals and spirals Most galaxies do not change shape once formed