NAZARIN B. NORDIN What you will learn: Strength, elasticity, ductility, malleability, brittleness, toughness, hardness Ferrous/ non-ferrous.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
METALS Learning Objectives: What is METAL?
Advertisements

Properties of solid materials
Dr. HABEEB HATTAB HABEEB Office: BN-Block, Level-3, Room Ext. No.: 7292 Lecturer: Dr. HABEEB ALANI.
Material testing Lesson 2.
Edexcel AS Physics Unit 1 : Chapter 7: Solid Materials
Understand the terms used to describe the properties of materials
MECHANICAL PROPERTIES
Elasticity by Ibrhim AlMohimeed
Solid Materials.
Chapter 11 Mechanical Properties of Materials
LECTURER 2 Engineering and True Stress-Strain Diagrams
Normal Strain and Stress
Mechanics of Materials – MAE 243 (Section 002) Spring 2008
Course Title: Strength of Materials (CVE 202)
METALS What is METAL? Different Types of Metals – Ferrous, Non-Ferrous, Alloys Main focus of Ferrous Metals Properties of Metals Characteristics of Ferrous.
SAFE 605: Application of Safety Engineering Principles Strength of Materials.
Mechanics of Materials II
Mechanical Properties of
ENGR 225 Section
Deforming Solids.
1.3.4 Behaviour of Springs and Materials
Elasticity and Strength of Materials
 Part One: Material Properties  Part Two: Forces and Torque  Assessment.
FYI: All three types of stress are measured in newtons / meter2 but all have different effects on solids. Materials Solids are often placed under stress.
George F. Limbrunner and Leonard Spiegel Applied Statics and Strength of Materials, 5e Copyright ©2009 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc. Upper Saddle River,
CHE 333 Class 11 Mechanical Behavior of Materials.
ELASTICITY. Elasticity  Elasticity is a branch of Solid mechanics that deals with the elastic behavior of solids. It is the property of material of a.
Unit V Lecturer11 LECTURE-I  Introduction  Some important definitions  Stress-strain relation for different engineering materials.
Classification of Metals
ELASTIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
9 Torsion.
STRUCTURES Outcome 3 Gary Plimer 2008 MUSSELBURGH GRAMMAR SCHOOL.
WHAT ARE METALS Learning Objectives: Defining METAL?
Mechanical Properties of Materials
NAZARIN B. NORDIN What you will learn: Strength, elesticity, ductility, malleability, brittleness, toughness, hardness Ferrous/ non-ferrous.
Chapter 2 Properties of Metals.
Mechanical Properties of Materials
1.To understand the keywords associated with the deformation of different types of solids 2.To be able to calculate stress, strain and hence Young’s modulus.
1.To understand the keywords associated with the deformation of different types of solids 2.To be able to calculate stress, strain and hence Young’s modulus.
MCQ. 1. An element is an a. Rigid body b. Resistance body c. Free body d. Strong body.
ENGR 107 – Introduction to Engineering Static Equilibrium, and Stress and Strain (Lecture #8)
Material Properties Learning Intention: Understand the terms used to describe the properties of materials.
Engineering materials. Materials and civilization Materials have always been an integral part of human culture and civilizations.
ENGINEERING MATERIALS Haseeb Ullah Khan Jatoi Department of Chemical Engineering UET Lahore.
Metal Properties and Processes Design and Manufacture.
STRUCTURES Young’s Modulus. Tests There are 4 tests that you can do to a material There are 4 tests that you can do to a material 1 tensile This is where.
Structural Elements.
Physical properties Enrollment numbers Government engineering collage,Palanpur sub:- Applied.
SIMPLE STRESS & STRAIN ► EN NO GUIDED BY EN NO PROF. V.R.SHARMA GEC PALANPUR APPLIED MECHANICS DEPARTMENT.
Exploration of Materials Properties: Every material has its own properties. When choosing materials for our design work, we must first analyze and compare.
Selecting Engineering Materials
Mechanics of Solids (M2H321546)
Kalol Institute Of Technical & Research Center
GOVERMENT ENGINEERING COLLEGE BHUJ (CIVIL ENGINEERING)
Direct and Bending Stresses
Introduction We select materials for many components and applications by matching the properties of the material to the service condition required of the.
3 Torsion.
Dr. Omar S.M.J.Ali PhD Orthodontic
BTE 1013 ENGINEERING SCIENCEs
Poisons Ratio Poisons ratio = . w0 w Usually poisons ratio ranges from
3 Torsion.
LECTURE-I Introduction Some important definitions
Mechanical Properties: 1
Applied Technology High School (ATHS)
PDT 153 Materials Structure And Properties
Simple Stresses & Strain
LECTURER 2 Engineering and True Stress-Strain Diagrams
Describing deformation
Mechanical Properties Of Metals - I
Mechanical Property 기계적 성질
Presentation transcript:

NAZARIN B. NORDIN

What you will learn: Strength, elasticity, ductility, malleability, brittleness, toughness, hardness Ferrous/ non-ferrous metals, tensile stress, yield stress, shear force, percentage of elongation and percentage of reduction in plain carbon steel, shear force, bending moment and fatigue test

7.1 Strength, elasticity, ductility, malleability, brittleness, toughness, hardness 7.2 Ferrous/non-ferrous metals, tensile stress, yield stress, shear force, percentage of elongation, percentage of reduction in plain carbon steel, shear force, bending moment and fatigue test

Definition: the strength of a material is its ability to withstand an applied stress without failure For practical purposes, components are designed to withstand forces and loads that a device is designed for and, so long as the instructions for use and maintenance, such as safe loads and tightening torques, are observed, problems should not be experienced. Strength of materials

Elasticity Definition: the tendency of a body to return to its original shape after it has been stretched or compressed.

Other terms used in describing materials Hardness Toughness

Hardness A hard material is one that resists indentation or abrasion by another material.

Toughness A material is said to be tough when a large amount of energy is required to fracture it.

Brittleness Materials that break without undergoing local distortion and are unable to withstand sharp blows are said to be brittle. Most types of cast iron are brittle.

Ductility A material that can be drawn out by tensile force is said to be ductile. The steel sheet that is used in the construction of motor car panels is of a type known as deep drawing steel and this is a ductile material.

Malleability Metals that can be hammered and bent without cracking are said to be malleable. Lead is an example of a malleable material.

Non-ferrous metals These are mainly alloys that contain no iron. Commonly used non-ferrous alloys are those made from copper, lead, tin, aluminium or magnesium. Non-ferrous alloys are used extensively in automotive engineering.

Stress Forces that tend to stretch, or pull something apart, are known as tensile forces and they produce two important effects: 1. In trying to pull the bolt apart, internal resisting forces are created and these internal forces are known as stress. 2. The length of the bolt will increase, and this change in the bolt’s dimensions is known as strain. Stress is calculated by dividing the applied force by the cross-sectional area of the bolt. Stress = Perpendicular Force/Cross-sectional area

Types of stress There are three basic forms of stress: – 1. tensile stress; – 2. compressive stress; – 3. shear stress – torsional stress is a form of shear stress.

Examples of stress measure Example 1: A cylinder head bolt with an effective diameter of 15mm carries a tensile load of 10 kN. Calculate the tensile stress in the bolt.

Example 2: A connecting rod has a cross- sectional area of 200mm 2 and it carries a compressive force of 2.4 tonnes (in N). Calculate the compressive stress in the connecting rod.

Example 3: The hand brake linkage shown in Figure carries a tensile force of 600 N. Calculate the shear stress in the clevis pin, which is 12mm in diameter.

In this case the shearing action is attempting to shear the clevis pin across two cross-sectional areas.

Example 4: A propeller shaft coupling of a truck is secured by four bolts of 14 mm diameter that are equally spaced at a radius of 50mm from the centre of the propeller shaft. Calculate the shear stress in each bolt when the shaft is transmitting a torque of 500 N.m.

Strain When a load is applied to a metal test bar a change of shape takes place. A tensile load will stretch the bar and a compressive load will shorten it. This change of shape is called strain. The three basic types of strain are shown in Figure

Example strain measure A steel rod 200mm in length stretches by 0.12mm when it is subjected to a tensile load of 2 tonnes. Determine the strain. Solution Strain = change in length/original length = 0.12mm/200mm Tensile strain in the steel rod = Note: strain does not have any units.

Stress- Strain graph and Hooke’s Law

Stress- Strain graph for mild steel