Malaria the deadly disease

introduction It is found that in tripura the most daedful disease is maleria because of which every year nearly 100s of peoples die. Because of the abundance of breeding area for the mosquitos tripura becomes the best place for them to attack. The malaria in this area is most deadful because peoples are not aware of it so through we want to give some knowledge to them so that they can know about maleria and aware of this disease.

malaria What is Malaria? Malaria disease is a parasitic disease. This means that it is caused by a parasite, a tiny organism that lives in or on other organisms called a host. This parasite’s host is a mosquito. The parasite is transferred to a potential victim when he or she is bitten by a mosquito. Though treatable and preventable, annually this disease kills 350-500 thousand around the world most victims are children who live near the Sahara area in Africa. In the United States only 1,300 cases are seen each year.

Causes of malaria Causes of Malaria Disease Malaria is caused by a parasite that has infected the saliva glands of a female mosquito. Once a mosquito that has been infected by the parasite that has grown to a certain stage of development bites a someone then that person gets Malaria, then if a female Mosquito (Genus: Anopheles) then bites that Malaria Disease victim the second mosquito can pass it to other people without being infected itself (that mosquito is called a vector). 

Symptoms of disease Signs and Symptoms The symptoms of Malaria can vary greatly, from no symptoms at all or mild to extremely serious and may even result in death. Malaria is often put into two different Categories. One is Uncomplicated and the other is Complicated. 

Incubation period - depending on the type of parasite the incubation period can range anywhere from 7-30 days. People who have traveled to Malaria prone areas should tell their doctor that they have done so, because even with the antimalarial drugs, some types of Malaria can delay onset of symptoms for up to one yea r. 

1. Uncomplicated Malaria The general (but very infrequent) attack of Malaria usually continues 6-10 hours. There are three phases to this and these usually return every 2 to 3 days depending upon the type of parasite (there are 4 types). A. The cold phase (shivering, feeling cold) B. The hot phase (vomiting, fever, headache; convulsions in children) C. The Sweating phase (sweating, normal temperature, sleepiness) However, more frequently the patient usually has the following signs and symptoms: chills, fever, nausea and vomiting, headache, general uncomfortable ness, and body aches. There may also be: Enlarged spleen, fever, perspiration, general weakness. In P. falciparum Malaria there may be these added findings:Enlarged Liver, mild jaundices, and increase respiratory rate. Depending upon the country and the frequency that Malaria is experienced the patient will either self-medicate; as we do here in America with a cold or they will seek professional help after improper medications fail to take effect.

2. Complicated Malaria This usually occurs where there is either low or no immunity to this disease, including locations where Malaria Disease is rare or immunity is low because of other health risks. Complicated Malaria results in blood and organ disorders, including fluid on the lung, and loss of Kidney function. In all areas of the world complicated Malaria Disease is an emergency and should be treated as quickly and as intensely as possible because without treatment other major medical problems appear and eventually death does occur. As with other conditions pregnancy is complicated by the disease resulting in possibly early termination of the pregnancy if the disease is severe enough. In addition, relapses are also known to happen, even months and years after the first attack. This is due to one genus of parasites having dormant stages that have been known to reactivate long after the disease has been cured. There are medications that are able to prevent this and should be started as soon after the first attack as possible.

Treatment Treatment of Malaria Disease Laboratory tests should be performed and diagnosis of Malaria Disease should be confirmed before any treatment is started. Not doing this should be reserved only for special cases, limiting it to those situations where clear suspicion of a very extreme case is determined and lack of facilities necessitates doing so. Treatment is determined by three specifications:  1. The species of infecting parasite-this is for three different reasons. a. P. falciparum causes a severe and quickly progressing illness or death, while the other three species rarely are this severe. b. P. Vivax and P. ovale demand treatment for forms that remain dormant and can induce repeat infections. c. P. Falciparum and P. Vivax are known for different resistance levels in different geographic areas where infections occur. For P. Falciparum rapid beginning of treatment is extremely necessary. 2. The physical state of the infected person. 3. The resistance level of the parasites determined by the place the person was when infected. 4. In addition other things to remember about the drug treatment  a. Other ailments the patient has. b. Pregnancy c. Drug allergies and sensitivities.

Remedies Drugs Some antimalarial medications can be given intravenously.  The usual medications for Malaria are:  1. chloroquine  2. sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (Fansidar®)  3. mefloquine (Lariam®)  4. atovaquone-proguanil (Malarone®)  5. quinine  6. doxycycline 

Conclusion Malaria kills thousands of people unnecessarily. With immediate and correct treatment people are able to recover from this disease with no problem. It also must be realized that delays in symptoms are possible and must be reported to health care providers. Also in the United States it is imperative to report any cases of Malaria to the CDC.

Students participation We went to the nearest remote villages and motivated the peoples to clean their locality. Destroy the possible breeding area of the mosquitoes and not the allow any place where the water can accumulate. As an example on the first day we went to the village and started the cleaning program and thereby advising them to do so. We also arranged a free malaria test camping for the peoples of the nearest remote village. We also provided some anti malarial drugs to the nearest remote area peoples.