Lab #1 Introduction to Hardware & Software Tools of TMS320C6748 DSK EE 445S Real-Time Digital Signal Processing Lab Fall 2013 Lab #1 Introduction to Hardware & Software Tools of TMS320C6748 DSK 1

Outline Introduction C6748 DSK Board C6748 DSP C6700 Instruction Set Architecture DSP/BIOS Code Composer Studio winDSK LabVIEW MATLAB/MathScript 2 2

Introduction Goal is to implement communication system components by writing C and/or assembly language programs for the TI TMS320C6748 fixed/floating- point DSP. C6748 DSP resides on the OMAP-L138EVM board which connects to the PC by USB. 3 3

Fixed vs. Floating Point DSP’s Fixed Point DSP’s (Modems, Controllers, Phones…) Cheaper and consume less power Need special care when programming to avoid overflows More dominant in the market TMS320C1x, ’C2x, ’C20x, ’C24x (16 bit, for control) ’C5x, ’C54x, ’C55x (16 bit, wireless phones and modems) ’C62x, ’C64x (16 bit, DSL, imaging, video) Floating Point DSP’s (DSL, Video, Imaging…) Easier to program, Complex architecture (more computationally demanding) More expensive. ’C3x, ’C4x, ’C67x (32-bit, DSL, imaging, video) 4 4

Advantages of DSP’s vs. Analog Circuit Can implement complex linear and non-linear algorithms, Application can be modified simply by changing code, Highly reliable, Manufacturing is fairly easy. 5 5

OMAP-L138 Functional Block Diagram 6 6

Functional Units .M Multiplication Unit: 16-bit × 16-bit, 32-bit × 32-bit, 64-bit × 64-bit .L Logic Unit: Arithmetic, comparisons and logic operations. .S Shifter Unit: Bit manipulation (set, get, shift, rotate). .D Data Unit: Load/Store to/from memory (exclusively) Performs addition and pointer arithmetic. 7

DSP Features 375/456-MHz Fixed/Floating-Point – Load-Store Architecture with VLIW architecture. 10/100 Mb/s Ethernet MAC (EMAC) USB2.0 OTG, USB1.1 OHCI interface Two inter-integrated circuit (I2C) bus interfaces One multichannel audio serial port (McASP) Two multichannel buffered serial ports (McBSP) with FIFO buffers Two SPI interfaces with multiple chip selects. Four 64-bit general-purpose timers. 8 8

DSP Features (Contd.) Configurable 16-bit host port interface (HPI). 9 banks of 16 pins of general-purpose input/output (GPIO) with programmable interrupt/event generation modes. Three UART interfaces Asynchronous and SDRAM external memory interface (EMIFA) for slower memories or peripherals. A higher speed DDR2/Mobile DDR controller. A Video Port Interface (VPIF) 9

TMS320C6748 Megamodule Block Diagram 10

DSP Features (Contd.) C674x Two Level Cache Memory Architecture – 32K-Byte L1P Program RAM/Cache – 32K-Byte L1D Data RAM/Cache – 256K-Byte L2 Unified Mapped RAM/Cache – Flexible RAM/Cache Partition (L1 and L2) Enhanced Direct-Memory-Access Controller 3 (EDMA3) – 2 Channel Controllers – 3 Transfer Controllers – 64 Independent DMA Channels – 16 Quick DMA Channels – Programmable Transfer Burst Size 11

C6748 Floating-Point VLIW DSP Core Load-Store Architecture With Non-Aligned VLIW DSP Support Supports TI’s Basic Secure Boot – 64 General-Purpose Registers (32 Bit) Six ALU (32-/40-Bit) Functional Units • Supports 32-Bit Integer, SP (IEEE Single Precision/32-Bit) and DP (IEEE Double Precision/64- Bit) Floating Point • Supports up to Four SP Additions Per clock, Four DP Additions Every 2 clocks. 12

C6748 Floating-Point VLIW DSP Core (Contd.) Two Multiply Functional Units Mixed-Precision IEEE Floating Point Multiply Supported up to: – 2 SP x SP → SP Per Clock – 2 SP x SP → DP Every Two Clocks – 2 SP x DP → DP Every Three Clocks – 2 DP x DP → DP Every Four Clocks Fixed Point Multiply Supports Two 32 x 32-Bit Multiplies, Four 16 x 16-Bit Multiplies, or Eight 8 x 8-Bit Multiplies per Clock Cycle, and Complex Multiples 13

DSP/BIOS A real-time operating system specific to the Texas Instruments DSPs. DSP/BIOS provides a wide range of system services to an embedded application: Preemptive multitasking Memory management Real-time analysis. 14

DSP/BIOS features The scheduler Memory manager Its associated thread classes provide a mechanism for arranging and controlling the software’s execution. Memory manager control the operation of the memory/ cache architecture and control allocation of memory resources. Periodically interrupt the currently executing thread Determine what the highest priority thread is that is ready to execute Start that thread running Hardware timers 15

DSP/BIOS features (Contd.) Instrumentation provides deterministic, minimally-invasive analysis, profiling, and statistical functions. Communications resources queues, pipes, streams and a device driver mechanism. Support libraries provide standardization of access and hardware abstraction across multiple DSPs. 16

DSP/BIOS Thread Types HWI SWI Priority TSK IDL Hardware Interrupts Implements ‘urgent’ part of real-time event Hardware interrupt triggers ISRs to run Priorities set by hardware HWI Hardware Interrupts Performs HWI ‘follow-up’ activity ‘posted’ by software PRDs (periodic functions) are prioritized as SWIs 14 priority levels SWI Software Interrupts Priority TSK Tasks Runs programs concurrently under separate contexts Usually enabled to run by posting a ‘semaphore’ (a task signaling mechanism) 15 priority levels Using PRDs in a TSK-based video system is not really recommended because PRDs will ALWAYS have a higher priority than TSKs because PRDs are prioritized as SWIs. IDL Background Multiple IDL functions Runs as an infinite loop (like traditional while loop) Single priority level 17

Code Composer Studio CCS is TI’s proprietary IDE that provides a transition between a high-level DSP program and an on-board machine language program. It is used to: Generate programs for the C6748 DSP using C language, Load them into the DSK, Run them, Monitor program execution. 18 18

winDSK A windows-based DSP demonstration program No need of other software. Direct communication with DSP board through serial port Demonstration of all the projects are available. 19 19

LabVIEW Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench. It is a powerful IDE for data acquisition, instrumentation, analysis, signal processing, control… LabVIEW programs called Virtual Instruments (VI’s). Each VI has 2 components: Front Panel: user interface of the VI, has all controls and indicators for I/O. Block Diagram: code is added using graphical representations of functions to control front panel objects. 20 20

LabVIEW Online LabView Interactive Tutorial can be found at: Front Panel Block Diagram Online LabView Interactive Tutorial can be found at: http://www.ni.com/gettingstarted/labviewbasics/ 21 21

MATLAB MATrix LABoratory. It is a numerical computing environment and programming language. Allows easy matrix manipulation, plotting of functions and data, implementation of algorithms, creation of GUI’s… Includes many specialized toolboxes that extend the regular MATLAB environment (communications, Control, Signal Processing…). 22 22

MATLAB Command Window Workspace Current Directory Command History 23

MATLAB MATLAB Help is very practical and user-friendly. Can access the MATLAB Help by pressing F1, or going to “Help → MATLAB Help”. Also, in the Command Window, can type help <function_name> to show the help document of a given function. lookfor <keyword> to searche all help documents for a given keyword. MATLAB Tutorial can be found at http://www.mathworks.com/academia/student_center/tutorial s/ 24 24

MathScript http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3502 Software from LabVIEW. Same syntax as MATLAB but does not support all functions available in MATLAB. Appendix D in course reader http://zone.ni.com/devzone/cda/tut/p/id/3502 25 25

…The End! See You Next Week! 26 26