HUMAN PAPILLOMAVIRUS. (HPV) STELLA O. AKPUAKA; KORLU KUYON; AMANDA ROTHENBECKER; ANGELINEMOTARI

WHAT IS HPV? HPV is the Human Papillomavirus. HPV is a typically sexually-transmitted DNA virus. There are more than 100 known HPV viruses This is a virus that causes infection in the skin and the mucus membranes. There are almost 200 types of HPV that infects humans. Those strands that are sexually transmitted infect the genital areas and are passed from one person to another through sexual contact.

WHAT IS HPV CONT? Genital human papillomavirus (also called HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection (STI). There are more than 40 HPV types that can infect the genital areas of males and females. These HPV types can also infect the mouth and throat.

HPV EPIDEMIOLOGY About 79 million Americans are currently infected with HPV. About 14 million people become newly infected each year. According to the National Cancer Institute, 90% of all HPV cases go away on their own. However, of the remaining 10%, the possibility of getting cervical cancer increases.

TRANSMISSION HPV is passed on through sexual contact. Very rarely, a pregnant woman with genital HPV can pass HPV to her baby during delivery. In these cases, the child can develop recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP), a rare condition in which warts grow in the throat. In children, this is also referred to as juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (JORRP).

SCREENING There is no test to find out a person’s “HPV status.” Also, there is no approved HPV test to find HPV in the mouth or throat. HPV tests are available for women aged >30 years undergoing cervical cancer screening.  Pap Smear for cervical ca.  Genital warts-Colposcopy  DNA Typing for specific HPV strand

SCREENING CONT. Four tests have been approved by the FDA for use in the United States:  HC II High-Risk HPV test (Qiagen)  HC II Low-Risk HPV test (Qiagen)  Cervista HPV 16/18 test  Cervista HPV High-Risk test (Hologics)

DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Condyloma lata Molluscum contagiosum Seborrheic Keratosis Lichen planus Pink pearly penile papules Other lesions including vestibular papillae; sebaceous glands and skin tags.

PREVENTION Two HPV vaccines are licensed in the United States:  a bivalent vaccine (Cervarix 0.5ml IM) containing HPV types 16 and 18  a quadrivalent vaccine (Gardasil -0.5ml IM) vaccine containing HPV types 6, 11, 16, and 18. Both vaccines offer protection against the HPV types that cause 70% of cervical cancers (i.e., types 16 and 18). The quadrivalent HPV vaccine also protects against the types that cause 90% of genital warts (i.e., types 6 and 11).

PREVENTION Both vaccines are available for females. Only Gardasil is available for males. Vaccines are given as a series of three shots over 6 months 0 1-2mths for second dose 6months after first dose HPV vaccination is recommended for preteen girls and boys at age 11 or 12 years.

TREATMENT Treatment is directed to the macroscopic (i.e., genital warts) or pathologic (i.e, precancerous) lesions caused by infection.

CONDYLOMA LATA

MOLLUSCUM CONTAGIOSUM

SEBORRHEIC KERATOSIS

LICHEN PLANUS

PINK PEARLY PENILE PAPULES

SKIN TAGS