Marine Advice, Monitoring & Research at CEFAS Mike Waldock

Advisory Activities and the Environment Aggregate extraction OCNS Oil spills Pipelines Dredging and disposal

Diffuse Inputs Riverine Boating/shipping

Monitoring Marine Environmental Quality Validates our risk assessments - feedback loop Integrates effort from a number of Departments and Agencies to meet Defra needs to demonstrate sustainable development Potentially provides clear measures of our performance in managing marine systems.

Environment Quality Monitoring OSPAR /EC MEMG NMMP MEMG –Marine Environment Monitoring Group formally the MPMMG - Marine Pollution Monitoring Management Group 7 UK organisations NMMP - National Marine Monitoring Programme

NMMP Chemistry Contaminants in water sediment and biota Nutrients in water Biological effects toxicity disease reproductive effects biochemical measurements Biology - Benthic community Plankton community

Biological effects cont... Whole animal imposex

Biological effects Cont... cellular/GM biochemical measurements Mutatox--mutagens er calux/yes/yas - EDCs dr calux erod - oil/PCBs/dioxin M/T- metals VTG - EDCs

Biological effects Cont... Genetic damage and disease

Progression of carcinogenesis DNA adduct Initiated cell Renegade population of cells growing outside constraints of normal cellular architecture Cancerous pathology Mutation or DNA repair?

Research Themes 70 plus R&D contracts with Defra – 40 plus at Cefas And fisheries and fish health and aquaculture Eutrophicatio n Ecological Structure & Function Environmental Processes & Pathways Hazardous Substances (Assessment, Fate & effects) Marine emergencies Aggregate extraction Deposits Managing marine activities Assessment of inputs to sea Understanding the seas Monitoring & Assessment MARINE ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH PROGRAMME Integrated Managemen t Monitoring & Assessment ME11ME12ME13ME14 ME41 ME21 ME22 ME31 ME32

Mercury in fish tissue Data relevant to the SW? AEMR series

Better Integrated Monitoring 2004 “State of the Seas” report Fisheries Contaminants OceanographyHabitats Ecosystem approach

International Obligations - OSPAR Hazardous Substances “by continuously reducing discharges, emissions and losses of hazardous substances with the ultimate aim of achieving concentrations.....near background values for naturally occurring substances and close to zero for man- made synthetic substances”

International Obligations - OSPAR Eutrophication “to achieve and maintain a healthy marine environment where eutrophication does not occur”

International Obligations - OSPAR Biodiversity “to protect and conserve the ecosystems and the biological diversity of the maritime area which are, or could be, affected as a result of human activities, and to restore, where practicable, marine areas which have been adversely affected.”

Identification of causative substances

Changes to the monitoring strategy using the DPSIR framework to monitor performance Causal Chain

Changes to the monitoring strategy Altering timing and effort time effort trend programme spatial survey

Changes to the monitoring strategy Altering timing Nutrient monitoring requires frequent observations

Changes to the monitoring strategy Altering timing fluorescence temp. salinity turbidity nutrients irradiance

Changes to the monitoring strategy Quality Assurance QUASIMEME BEQUALM NATAQC ring tests so that all data is comparable