Hans Bethe 1906 - 2005.

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Presentation transcript:

Hans Bethe 1906 - 2005

Crystal Field Theory – metal-ligand bonds are viewed as entirely electrostatic (ionic) CFT Ligand Field Theory – crystal field theory that is adjusted for covalency (metal-ligand bonds are more covalent than ionic) LFT

gerade – any orbital whose symmetry labels remain unchanged upon performing an inversion ungerade – any orbital whose symmetry labels switch upon performing an inversion

all 5 d-orbitals are gerade

*-orbitals are gerade p-orbitals are ungerade *-orbitals are gerade

Barycenter Barycenter – zero point energy between t2g and eg orbital sets. It is a “center of gravity” energy reference point for complex

M ML6 o

3/5 o o -2/5 o

o -

Ligand Field Stabilization Energy – decrease in energy gained (relative to the unsplit, degenerate state) due to d-orbital splitting LFSE

Weak field (high-spin) Δoct < pairing energy Δoct > pairing energy Weak field (high-spin) Strong field (low-spin)

Magnitude of Δo (extent of d-orbital splitting) depends on three factors: 1. Identity of metal itself 2. Oxidation state of the metal in the complex 3. Identity and number of ligands attached to the transition metal All three combine to determine if the complex goes strong or weak field

Trend of Δoct energies for [M(NH3)6]3+ where M= Co, Rh, Ir