DAVID SANTUCCI QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY BOOTCAMP 2009 A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SYNAPSE.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Long-term Potentiation as a Physiological Phenomenon

Advertisements

Nervous System FUNCTION: Senses, processes, interprets, and determines the response to stimuli from the environment Central Nervous System (CNS) - made.

LECTURE 9: INTEGRATION OF SYNAPTIC INPUTS (Ionotropic Receptors) REQUIRED READING: Kandel text, Chapter 12 At neuromuscular synapse, single axonal action.

Justin Besant BIONB 2220 Final Project

Monosynaptic reflex. Physiology G6001 Nerve and Synapse Classical elements of synaptic transmission: Neuromuscular junction Transmitter release Synaptic.

Chemical synapses: post-synaptic mechanisms. Postsynaptic Membranes and ion channels Ligand gated ion channels – a review a. Resting K + channels: responsible.

Part Fundamentals of Physiology Part II Food, Energy, and Temperature Part III Integrating systems Part IV Movement and Muscle Part V Oxygen, Carbon dioxide,

Cellular Neuroscience (207) Ian Parker Lecture #13 – Postsynaptic excitation and inhibition.

Synapses Figure

SPPA 2050 Speech Anatomy & Physiology 1 Neuronal Function Goal: electrochemical communication Requirement: Electrochemical signal generation Electrochemical.

Inhibitory and Excitatory Signals

Synapses are everywhere neurons synapses Synapse change continuously –From msec –To hours (memory) Lack HH type model for the synapse.

Neural communication How do neurons send messages to each other?

1 Activity-dependent Development (2) Hebb’s hypothesis Hebbian plasticity in visual system Cellular mechanism of Hebbian plasticity.

Neuron & Synapse Quiz SBI 4UI Mrs. Tuma. 1. What part of the neuron receives messages from other neurons? (a) axon (b) myelin (c) dendrite (d) Schwann.

Neural Plasticity Lecture 7. Neural Plasticity n Nervous System is malleable l learning occurs n Structural changes l increased dendritic branching l.

PHYSIOLOGY 1 LECTURE 14 SYNAPTIC TRANSMISSION. n Objectives: The student should know –1. The types of synapses, electrical and chemical –2. The structure.

University of Jordan1 Physiology of Synapses in the CNS- L2-L4 Faisal I. Mohammed, MD, PhD.

Announcements Slides used at tutorial posted to webpage.

Neural Plasticity: Long-term Potentiation Lesson 15.

synaptic plasticity is the ability of the connection, or synapse, between two neurons to change in strength in response to either use or disuse of transmission.

Excitable cells and their biochemistry David Taylor

Synaptic Plasticity The term synaptic plasticity refers to the variability of the strength of a signal transmitted through a synapse. Facilitation:

Announcements Mid term room assignments posted to webpage A – HoS361 (Pavilion) Hoang – LischkaS309 Lishingham - NguiS143 Nguyen – SeguinS128 Sek – ZiaH305.

Functional Human Physiology for the Exercise and Sport Sciences Synaptic Transmission and Neural Integration Jennifer L. Doherty, MS, ATC Department of.

1 Synaptic Transmission. 2 Synaptic contacts Axodendritic – axon to dendrite Axodendritic – axon to dendrite Axosomatic – axon to soma Axosomatic – axon.

The Nervous System Neuron –Cell body; Dendrites; Axon Three general groups of neurons –Sensory neurons (afferent or receptor) Receive the initial stimulus.

Copyright © 2010 Pearson Education, Inc. The Synapse A junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron: To another neuron, or To an effector.

SYNAPTIC & NEUROMUSCULAR TRANSMISSION Ass. Prof. Dr. Emre Hamurtekin EMU Faculty of Pharmacy.

Copyright © 2005 Brooks/Cole — Thomson Learning Biology, Seventh Edition Solomon Berg Martin Chapter 39 Neural Signaling.

LONG-TERM POTENTIATION (LTP) Introduction LTP as a candidate mechanism for the activity-dependent change in the strength of synaptic connections LTP is.

Graduate Seminar, NJIT June 14, 2012 Analytical & Computational Neuroscience: Lecture 2 Action Potentials and Chemical Synapses Math 430 * Math 635 * Fall.

Neural Tissue: 2.

Copyright © 2004 Pearson Education, Inc., publishing as Benjamin Cummings The Synapse Key Stage 5 Biology.

Neurons: Cellular and Network Properties

An Introduction to Neurotransmission William Wisden Dept of Clinical Neurobiology INF 364

Storage capacity: consider the neocortex ~20*10^9 cells, 20*10^13 synapses.

Dopamine (DA) neuron Cell body (Soma) terminals axons Dendrites.

The Synapse (see Fig , p. 405) Synapse: junction (space) between a neuron and another neuron or muscle cell. Remember: Neurons do not directly connected.

Neural Mechanisms of Learning & Memory Lesson 24.

Dendrites: receives Soma: cell body, houses nucleus Nucleus: processes Axon: carries Myelin Sheath: insulates & protects axon Nodes of Ranvier: pinches.

Nervous System. -Central Nervous System -Peripheral Nervous System Brain Spinal Cord Cranial Nerves Spinal Nerves Peripheral Ganglia Division of the nervous.

AP Biology Nervous Systems Part 3.  I. Synapses – These are the gaps between neurons or between neuron and effector cells.  A. There are two types of.

Cell to cell communication in the nervous system The synapse Electrical synapse Chemical synapse Role of calcium “neurocrines” Receptors Post-synaptic.

Synaptic Plasticity Synaptic efficacy (strength) is changing with time. Many of these changes are activity-dependent, i.e. the magnitude and direction.

Announcements –Midterm room assignments Thursday –Midterm conflict policy posted later tonight –Some practice questions from previous midterms will be.

Afferent Nerves Efferent Nerves cell body: cell body: central part of cell; contains the nucleus axon: axon: long slender extension from cell body; used.

Neurons: Functional Units of the Nervous System

The Synapse and Synaptic Transmission

Long Term Potentiation

Chemical synapses: post-synaptic mechanisms

Building the Model Neurons or parts of neurons Ions Gates dendrite

NERVE CELLS by Grace Minter.

Structure of a Neuron: At the dendrite the incoming

What is the neural basis of behavior?

AP Biology Nervous Systems Part 3.

Neurotransmitters.

Neurotransmitter receptors

Neurotransmitter Receptors

Mind, Brain & Behavior Friday January 31, 2003.

Interneuronal connections

2 primary cell types in nervous system

A junction that mediates information transfer from one neuron:

Neural Signaling: Postsynaptic Potentials

Neurotransmission Across a Synapse

Synaptic Transmission

Functional Anatomy Excitatory Synapses Inhibitory Synapses

8 The Nervous System.

Cell to cell communication in the nervous system

Presentation transcript:

DAVID SANTUCCI QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY BOOTCAMP 2009 A BRIEF HISTORY OF THE SYNAPSE

Santiago Ramón y Cajal Drawing of Chick Cerebellum

Extracellular Space Intracellular Space Na + K+K+ K+K+ Ca mV Cl -

-70 mV

Norepinephrine Glutamate GABA Dopamine Serotonin Acetylcholine ExcitatoryModulatory Inhibitory Neurotransmitters

Bernard Katz Frog Neuromuscular Junction (NMJ)

Bernard Katz End Plate PotentialsMiniature EPPs

Bernard Katz

Inhibitory Synapse Excitatory Synapse Dendritic Spines

Donald Hebb "Let us assume then that the persistence or repetition of a reverberatory activity (or "trace") tends to induce lasting cellular changes that add to its stability. …When an axon of cell A is near enough to excite a cell B and repeatedly or persistently takes part in firing it, some growth process or metabolic change takes place in one or both cells such that A's efficiency, as one of the cells firing B, is increased."

Terje Lømo

Long Term Potentiation

Depolarization of Postsynaptic Cell Release of NMDA Receptor Mg 2+ Block Ca 2+ Influx Ca 2+ -dependent Signaling Cascades Insertion of AMPA Receptors Protein Synthesis Long Term Potentiation

To Be Continued…