Earthquakes and the Hayward Fault Presented by the UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory Flour Mill, 1868 Hayward EQ Courtesy of NISEE, EERC, UC Berkeley.

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Presentation transcript:

Earthquakes and the Hayward Fault Presented by the UC Berkeley Seismological Laboratory Flour Mill, 1868 Hayward EQ Courtesy of NISEE, EERC, UC Berkeley

Q: What is an Earthquake? Rocks break… Waves spread out… Photo: Horst Rademacher

A: MASSIVE Energy is Released! Manifested at Earth’s surface as SHAKING and property damage. Image courtesy of the USGS

What is Plate Tectonics? The Earth’s crust is broken up into large “plates”. These plates move around, driven by heat escaping from inside the Earth. One “Plate”

Planet Earth’s Plates Image Courtesy of the USGS

Where do we Find Earthquakes? Every single black dot is one recorded earthquake... Image courtesy of NASA

The Infamous “Ring of Fire”! Home in Hayward, CA Image Courtesy of the USGS

Faults of the Bay Area We live in earthquake country!

What is the Hayward Fault? Standing on one side of the fault, the other side will appear to move to the right. Image from the Southern California Earthquake Data Center Image Courtesy of CSU Hayward

Where is the Hayward Fault found? The Hayward Fault runs along the base of the East Bay Hills. Image courtesy of USGS Currently, the fault is thought to have an earthquake recurrence interval of about 170±29 years! If the last earthquake occurred in 1868…

Historical Bay Area Earthquakes Hayward, M 7.0, 1868 –Along the Hayward Fault South Hayward, M 5.8, 1865 –Along the Hayward Fault Loma Prieta, M. 6.9, 1989 –Along the San Andreas Fault Image courtesy of the USGS MORAL OF THE STORY: Bay Area earthquakes have occurred in the past and will occur again in the future. We need to be prepared!

How do We Measure Earthquakes? Seismic waves leave an Earthquake’s “focus” and move out through the Earth. Seismologists record these waves at Earth’s surface, using seismometers. Public Domain Image Courtesy of USGS

Seismometers, Past and Present Time 2009 C.E. Image Courtesy of Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research 130 C.E. Image Courtesy of the USGS

Life near the Hayward Fault Image Courtesy of Doris Sloan

How Can We Prepare for an Earthquake? Make an earthquake preparedness kit! –Food, water, matches, flashlight, batteries, blankets and SHOES! All will be very hard to come by following a large earthquake! Public Domain

What Should We do During an Earthquake? During shaking:YOU (as quickly as possible) After shaking has stopped, move outside AWAY from structures.