M1-01 LASER DIFFRACTION - FIXED SINGLE SLIT M1-21 LASER DIFFRACTION - MULTIPLE SLITS M1-22 LASER DIFFRACTION – GRATINGS M1-34 LASER DIFFRACTION - COMPACT DISC M1-11 LASER DIFFRACTION - FIXED DOUBLE SLITS M2-01 LASER DIFFRACTION – PINHOLES M3-42 FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER – SODIUM M4-25 INTERFERENCE IN LARGE SOAP FILM - SODIUM AND WHITE

Where: Chemistry building (attached to Physics building) Room # 1402 When: October: 8, 13, 20, 27, and 29 Change of Class room: See schedule on website

Problem 1 - B and E transformation between moving frames Quiz #3b, Hwk #35.5 Problem 2 - Biot-Savart law from current Arc example done in class, Hwk problem 34.46, quiz #1a and #1d Problem 3 - Solenoid - very similar to Hwk # a) derivation in class and in book, one of the few examples of the utility of ampere's law b) RHR for direction of B-field from current c) E-field inside solenoid very similar to quiz #3a d) E-field direction application of Lenz's law (lots of homework) Problem 4 - E&M traveling wave Derived in class and in book (eq 35.24), wave direction ~ S ~ E x B, B=E/c, S is intensity, meaning of "plane wave" Problem 5 - RLC circuit - Hwk problem 36.8, and strongly related to 36.7 Problem 6 - displacement current between parallel capacitors Quiz #3d, Hwk problem Exam I – Will be graded and posted by Tuesday next week

Light behaves as a wave Assume monochromatic and coherent light

Light diffracts when traversing apertures like the water waves depicted below

Huygen’s principle Each point on a wavefront acts like a source for an outgoing (half) spherical wave front, producing the new wavefront.

Ideal double slit pattern

Multiple slit pattern – Diffraction grating

Single slit diffraction pattern

Two separated objects, light goes through an aperture (or lens, or mirror, etc.). Can one resolve the two objects? If the zeroth order diffraction pattern maximum from object two is at the first minimum from the diffraction pattern produced by object one, then they are resolvable: Resolution limit -- Rayleigh’s criteria

For circular aperture, slightly different:

Real double slit diffraction pattern We could integrate across both slits to find total E-field. Answer is that the single slit intensity is modulated by the double slit pattern (for slit opening a<d, the slit spacing)

M3-42 FABRY-PEROT INTERFEROMETER – SODIUM M4-25 INTERFERENCE IN LARGE SOAP FILM - SODIUM AND WHITE N1-14: REFLECTION GRATING – LARGE L4-02: REFRACTION - BEER MUG IN WATER L4-03: REFRACTION - ROD IN WATER L4-06: REFRACTION IN CLOUDY WATER L5-13: PLEXIGLASS SPIRAL WITH LASER L5-11: LASER WATERFALL L6-09: REAL IMAGE OF CONVERGING LENS combine with above: (L6-14): IMAGE OF CONVEX LENS - WITH AND WITHOUT BAFFLE L3-16: FOCUSING OF HEAT WAVES BY MIRRORS L3-18: FOCUSING OF HEAT WAVES - OVERHEAD PROJECTOR L3-23: IMAGE ON SCREEN USING CONCAVE MIRROR L3-31: GIANT MIRROR - CONCAVE AND CONVEX Lecture Demos

Where: Chemistry building (attached to Physics building) Room # 1402 When: October: 8, 13, 20, 27, and 29 Change of Class room: See schedule on website

Problem 1 - B and E transformation between moving frames Quiz #3b, Hwk #35.5 Problem 2 - Biot-Savart law from current Arc example done in class, Hwk problem 34.46, quiz #1a and #1d Problem 3 - Solenoid - very similar to Hwk # a) derivation in class and in book, one of the few examples of the utility of ampere's law b) RHR for direction of B-field from current c) E-field inside solenoid very similar to quiz #3a d) E-field direction application of Lenz's law (lots of homework) Problem 4 - E&M traveling wave Derived in class and in book (eq 35.24), wave direction ~ S ~ E x B, B=E/c, S is intensity, meaning of "plane wave" Problem 5 - RLC circuit - Hwk problem 36.8, and strongly related to 36.7 Problem 6 - displacement current between parallel capacitors Quiz #3d, Hwk problem Exam I – Will be graded and posted by Tuesday next week

Rough estimate!

Last Time: Review of traveling wave interference Phase changes due to: Optical path length differences sources out of phase General solution

Last Time: Single slit diffraction – E-field integration across entire slit to point a screen (path length differences cause interference pattern) Short cut to find destructive interference pattern (divide slit up into ‘2m’ and consider pairs of rays summed up over entire slit) Rayleigh’s criteria (optical resolution limit) – minimum of diffraction pattern produced by object 1

Last Time: Ideal double slit interference pattern (a~wavelength  2 point sources) Diffraction grating – constructive interference condition Actual double slit interference pattern (a wavelength) – Convolution of ideal double slit and single slit patterns

Last Time: Actual double slit interference pattern (a wavelength) – Convolution of ideal double slit and single slit patterns

Interference in parallel dielectrics Speed of light is effectively slower than ‘c’ inside media (like dielectrics). Define n, index of refraction: n=c/v Speed of light is ALWAYS c, but when you consider all the atoms absorbing and re-emitting EM radiation, and you look at the initial plane wave plus the sum of all the emitting atoms in the media, the wavefront is effectively compressed so that the new wavelength    /n where  is the wavelength in vacuum. Since  f = v  (  /n) f = v  v<c

Fresnel Coefficients:

Dielectrics Antireflection Coatings

Interference in thin films dielectrics

Newton’s rings

Michelson Interferometer

Laser Interferometer -- LIGO