Stan Bentvelsen SAC Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

ATLAS Semi Conducting Tracker Installation Endcap Muon precision chamber 96 MDT BOL chambers Trigger/DAQ Muon Read Out Drivers Physics performance End-cap toroids In-kind contribution 2 Combined Tracking Software contribution Computing readiness

Nikhef highlights of the last year  SCT Endcap installed ○ after delays due to cooling problems in the barrel All modules tested & functional  Muons All BOL chambers installed Detector Control System ~ready Alignment system operational  Data acquisition Muon Read Out Drivers in place  Endcap Toroids Installation in Atlas  Computing Developed analysis model Monte Carlo validation  Performance Muon tracking optimization Combined tracking  Physics Physics readiness note activities ○ Commissioning top-quark ○ One lepton Susy ○ Higgs vector boson fusion Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 20083

P 4 Nikhef-Atlas group Involvement in ATLAS management  Nigel Hessey – Upgrade coordinator  Kors Bos – Computing Operation coordinator  Peter Kluit – Convener muon combined performance  Wouter Verkerke – Physics validation coordinator  Patrick Werneke – Technical coordinator SCT endcaps  Stan Bentvelsen – Advisory committee CB  Olya Igonkina – Tau trigger convener Age profile Atlas group:  16 fte permanent staff Geographic location  Amsterdam: FOM & UvA 13 fte perm staff  Nijmegen: FOM & RU 3 fte perm staff New Atlas members since last SAC 6 PhD students FOM m/v O. Igonkina 4 PostDocs (Atlas, VIDI, VICI)

Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008P 5 Transport of the End-Cap Toroid

Installation Lowering the End-Cap Toroid June 4 th & July 11 th Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

6.2 million readout channels Barrel 4 cylindrical layers 2112 modules coverage 0<|η|< ‘Sign-off’ completed in december 2007 End-Caps 18 discs 1976 modules coverage <|η|<2.5 ‘Sign off’ January 2008 SCT endcap A assembled & installed by NIKHEF! Semi Conductor Tracker Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, SCT Barrel SCT End-Caps 5.6 meter 2 meter

Installation in Atlas Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, SCT+TRT endcap installation

ATLAS - SCT cosmics  Barrel and Endcaps Participation in ATLAS wide milestone run ‘M6’ early March Combined runs show normal noise in modules and smooth data acquisition  Cooling problems Heater Failure has seriously delayed the commissioning but heaters are now in place and operational. Leak in coolingloop may cause a small loss (<1%) in working modules (Endcap C)  Cosmics measured in ATLAS cavern with SCT and TRT ! 9Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

2007: Installation SCT 10 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

2007: Installation of Nikhef’s MDT BOL chambers completed! 11Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Status MDT chambers  All barrel MDT chambers in place Nikhef BOL chambers operate smoothly Problems in power supplies ○ 50% have HV ○ 75% have LV  Quality monitoring ok  Routinely taking cosmics More than 3 million recent cosmic events available Data processing through central CERN computing facilities ("Tier 0") Nikhef participation ○ This event is taken yesterday Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17,

sector 13A sector 5A sector 5C Muon Direction Distribution 13 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Detector Control System (DCS)  Nikhef heavily involved in DCS system: MDT-DCS module ○ Temperature ○ B-field ○ Front-End electronics Alignment ○ Barrel 14Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

DCS status of muon barrel  Nikhef responsabilities in B- and T- systems All T-sensors installed – 98% operational B-field sensors tested and intercalibrated at upcoming magnet test Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17,

Alignment system & Nikhef  Projective alignment Close to finished  Acquisition speed up Rate of imaging analyses increased by factor 100 Full readout in 15 mins 370 images analysed/min Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, TypeTotalOKBrokenTBD Projective Axial Praxial Reference CCC BIR/BIM32 00 Inplane Total Goal: 20 mm mechanical precision

Data Acquisition  All 204 Muon Read Out Drivers installed in USA15 Input data from 1150 muon chamers Output: to 16 ROS PC with 4/5 ROBIns per PC (700 ROBINs in Atlas) Since last year:  production 255 MRODs testing, repairing in 15 VME crates  Installation, commissioning Stable running. Few subtle problems found & solved  ROBIN’s activities firmware upgrades The ATLAS ROBIN R Cranfield et al 2008 JINST 3 T01002 Olya Igonkina 17Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

High level streaming & trigger Routing and Streaming in the Higher Level Trigger Distinguish between physics and calibration events Flexible Routing and Streaming implementation allows transparent addition of Remote Online Farms Responsibility for single tau, tau+Missing_ET triggers performance (HLT) Design of complex, multi-objects trigger signatures New Nikhef activity, driven by new staff member: O. Igonkina Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, Large involvement of Nikhef

Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008 Muon reconstruction ATLAS  Muon (standalone) reconstruction Main contributions to the modular Moore reconstruction ○ Pattern recognition ○ Segment finding ○ Track finding and fitting Substantial improvements ○ Efficiency (low momenta) ○ Efficiency and fake rate in cavern background events  Combined reconstruction ID + MS with Cal energy corrections  Combined muon identification Calorimeter tag: requiring a m.i.p. in the Hadron Calorimeter Muon Segment tagging reconstruction Refit of inner detector and MS track Efficiency Z→μμ with cavern backgrnd η 19

Physics readiness activities  Computing Services Commissioning (2007) Exercise computing infrastructure for large scale production of simulated events. Publish series of notes that give update on ATLAS physics performance on 100 pb -1 to 1fb -1. Separate ‘Analysis Model Forum’ to review analysis experience of CSC  Calibration Data Challenge (2007) Calibrate, align detector with ‘data procedure’ on MC sample Tests full chain: procedures, database infrastructure etc… Menelaos Tsiakiris 20 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Computing & Grid  Validation of Simulation, Reconstruction software Scope: Event generation, Simulation (full Geant-4, fast parameterized simulation and hybrid forms), Reconstruction, derived physics data (TAGS) Activities lead by W. Verkerke (Sep 2006 – present), represented in physics and software management ○ Validated simulation and reconstruction of CSC excerise (Release 12). Over 50 million events simulation with G4 and reconstructed with validated software [ done ] ○ Validation of updated G4 software and parameter tuning for Final Dress rehearsal (Release 13) and first data [done] 21Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Final Dress Rehearsal  Grid operation Kors Bos in Atlas’ computing management Operation of computing model with Tier1 and Tier2’s From April 2008 new Nikhef colleague for Tier1  Final Dress rehearsal Exercise of complete computing infrastructure from Tier0 (ATLAS pit) to end-user analysis. ○ Mix samples of simulated events into ‘data-like’ sample, simulate trigger, perform streaming based on trigger info, reconstruct data in Tier-1 centers, perform users analysis. Do as much as possible in real-time (including calibration and monitoring) Two iterations: ○ FDR-1 (early 2008) participation at Nikhef in end-user analysis ○ FDR-2 (june 2008) participation at Nikhef planned for ‘production-style’ end- user analysis. Build on experience of FDR-1 exercise 22

t t Cross-section ~ 800 pb (440 pb with a high-P T lepton) signal = 100 x Tevatron, bckg = 10 x Tevatron Golden channel (l=e, μ ) 250,000 events/fb -1 Early data challenges: - Commission ATLAS detector in multi-jet final states - Cross-section measurement Larger data sample: - Top quark properties (mass, charge, …) - Search for new physics (FCNC, SUSY, M tt -resonances) Top quark pair production at the LHC Nikhef interest in top physics: Top physics at commissioning 23 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

2007/2008: ATLAS physics readiness rapports Include: Top cross-section, Top trigger, Top properties. ATLAS 100 pb -1 Mass 3-jet top candidate [ GeV] SuperSymmetry 2008: Early data: - Robust background estimates and calibrations (JES, trigger, E T -miss, fake leptons, b-tag) - Ambition: Nikhef will perform the first cross-section measurement ~ 500 events Top physics: determination σ(tt) 100 pb -1 24Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

VBF: Higgs  W + W -  l l ATLAS TDR VBF H  WW  VBF H  WW: signifcant discovery potential over wide mass range “No-lose” theorem applies to W-W scattering: Something must show below m WW < 500 GeV/c 2 to avoid unitarity violation.  Great synergy with Z and top reconstruction 25 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

VBF Higgs: Characteristics Excellent properties for suppressing background:  Clean events: color-coherence between initial and final state W-radiating quarks  suppressed hadronic activity in central region  Tagging jets Two forward, high-P t jets  Spin zero Higgs: charged leptons prefer to point in same direction. Transverse Higgs mass (GeV/c 2 ) m H (true) = 170 GeV/c 2 background signal + bkg Work focus:  Optimization of signal sensitivity w/ neuro-evolution  Setup and validation of 5- dimensional fit to extract Higgs candidates, based fully on bkg control samples. ATLAS CSC BOOK Statistical significance 26 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Dominating backgrounds: ttbar, W+jets Supersymmetry  We look for new physics beyond the Standard Model, in particular SUSY  Inclusively: 1 e or , at least four hard jets, significant E T miss or multi-leptons plus jets  Excellent discovery potential already for 1 fb -1 SUSY mass scales up to 1 TeV can be probed Less sensitive to QCD background than search mode without leptons Various MSUGRA Benchmark points 27Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Susy: ‘Data driven’ bckgrnd estimation  Crucial issue: Understand SM background?  Solution: Data-driven estimation of backgrounds in-situ  Many independent methods: Nikhef method: combined fit in one-lepton search mode  Fit semi-leptonic ttbar, fully leptonic ttbar, and W+jets components in distributions of E T miss, M T, and “M top ” Sideband extrapolation to signal region   Has been proven to work fine Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17,

High P T top reconstruction  New physics in ttbar-like final states ○ SM ttbar production is a background ○ Anomalous top quark production as signal of new physics resonances, stop quarks,…   Effort on improving high-p T top quark production  Split overlapping jets:  “reverse” k t algorithm  y12 = scale of jet subcomponents before last merge Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, j1j1 j2j2 b t dR

First Atlas publication  Atlas detector paper Complete description of ~420 pages Overview Magnet System Background radiation Inner Detector Calorimetry Muon Spectrometer Forward detectors Trigger & DAQ Integration & Installation Expected performance Submitted to JINST 35 Countries 164 Institutions 1900 Scientific Authors total 30Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

P 31 SLHC upgrade: factor in 10 lumi  Atlas-Nikhef interests: Replacement pixel b-layer ○ ~ 2012, after 3 yrs of full lumi Complete rebuild of Inner Detector ○ Around 2016 ○ No more gaseous TRT  Our ambitions: Pixel detector ○ Involvement pixel b-layer ○ Design Front End electronics ○ GOSSIP to replace silicon sensors close to the IP (see R&D program) Silicon (short) strip tracker ○ Design and production Cooling ○ Implement C0 2 cooling Lightweight structures

Conclusions  The ATLAS detector is fully in place Routinely taking cosmics with most subsystems  Nikhef hardware responsibilities in good shape Culminated in important knowledge on detector operation and performance  Challenging operation of ATLAS ahead In situ calibration, alignment, background studies… ‘Final dress rehearsal’ excellent preparation for physics Detector shifts starting May 1 st. 32 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

ATLAS is a lifestyle  T-shirts, baseball caps, pens, Newspaper, leaflets, YouTube movies, Atlas DVD’s, the Atlas book, posters, cards, etcetera 33Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008 Give us beam, and you will not be disappointed!

BACK UP 34 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Bedankt! No Atlas without Nikhef excellent technical & engineer support! 35Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

todo  Milestone runs introduceren  GRID  Computing/analyse models 36 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

P 37 Final remarks  The workload at CERN was high in the past year Notably for technicians of the SCT and MDT ○ Planned to be permanently at CERN for a few months ○ In reality they were there more than year Very committed, but demand was stretched to the limit Technicians essential – we should show this more explicitly  LHC schedule We know about the delays – ○ it has direct impact on the schedule of our PhD students for example But the uncertainty on the schedule is sometimes frustrating ○ Last year we were surprised by the 2007 run of 900 GeV ○ CERN should be more clear about current 2007 schedule Is 900 GeV run cancelled or not?

38 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

39 ATLAS Collaboration 35 Countries 164 Institutions 1900 Scientific Authors total (1550 with a PhD, for M&O share) New application for CB decision on Friday: Göttingen, Germany New Expressions of Interest: Santiago (PUC)/ Valparaíso (UTFSM), Chile Bogotá (UAN), Colombia Albany, Alberta, NIKHEF Amsterdam, Ankara, LAPP Annecy, Argonne NL, Arizona, UT Arlington, Athens, NTU Athens, Baku, IFAE Barcelona, Belgrade, Bergen, Berkeley LBL and UC, HU Berlin, Bern, Birmingham, Bologna, Bonn, Boston, Brandeis, Bratislava/SAS Kosice, Brookhaven NL, Buenos Aires, Bucharest, Cambridge, Carleton, Casablanca/Rabat, CERN, Chinese Cluster, Chicago, Clermont-Ferrand, Columbia, NBI Copenhagen, Cosenza, AGH UST Cracow, IFJ PAN Cracow, DESY, Dortmund, TU Dresden, JINR Dubna, Duke, Frascati, Freiburg, Geneva, Genoa, Giessen, Glasgow, LPSC Grenoble, Technion Haifa, Hampton, Harvard, Heidelberg, Hiroshima, Hiroshima IT, Indiana, Innsbruck, Iowa SU, Irvine UC, Istanbul Bogazici, KEK, Kobe, Kyoto, Kyoto UE, Lancaster, UN La Plata, Lecce, Lisbon LIP, Liverpool, Ljubljana, QMW London, RHBNC London, UC London, Lund, UA Madrid, Mainz, Manchester, Mannheim, CPPM Marseille, Massachusetts, MIT, Melbourne, Michigan, Michigan SU, Milano, Minsk NAS, Minsk NCPHEP, Montreal, McGill Montreal, FIAN Moscow, ITEP Moscow, MEPhI Moscow, MSU Moscow, Munich LMU, MPI Munich, Nagasaki IAS, Nagoya, Naples, New Mexico, New York, Nijmegen, BINP Novosibirsk, Ohio SU, Okayama, Oklahoma, Oklahoma SU, Oregon, LAL Orsay, Osaka, Oslo, Oxford, Paris VI and VII, Pavia, Pennsylvania, Pisa, Pittsburgh, CAS Prague, CU Prague, TU Prague, IHEP Protvino, Regina, Ritsumeikan, UFRJ Rio de Janeiro, Rome I, Rome II, Rome III, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, DAPNIA Saclay, Santa Cruz UC, Sheffield, Shinshu, Siegen, Simon Fraser Burnaby, SLAC, Southern Methodist Dallas, NPI Petersburg, Stockholm, KTH Stockholm, Stony Brook, Sydney, AS Taipei, Tbilisi, Tel Aviv, Thessaloniki, Tokyo ICEPP, Tokyo MU, Toronto, TRIUMF, Tsukuba, Tufts, Udine, Uppsala, Urbana UI, Valencia, UBC Vancouver, Victoria, Washington, Weizmann Rehovot, FH Wiener Neustadt, Wisconsin, Wuppertal, Yale, Yerevan

Muon systeem 40 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

P 41 Nikhef-Atlas group  Awards & external funding VENI “World wide trigger “ Sander Klous VIDI “Radiating Top Quarks”, Auke Pieter Colijn VIDI “Fundamental Physics at 100 zeptometers” Ivo van Vulpen VICI “Top physics; a new era in particle physics” SB FOM project “Large extra dimensions”, Paul de Jong & SB FOM project “Higgs or no Higgs at the LHC”, Ronald Kleiss & SB FOM project “Search for supersymmetry” Nicolo de Groot FOM project “Higgs asap” Sijbrand de Jong FOM project “Higgs search at D0”, Sijbrand de Jong Marie Curie fellowship, Sacha Caron Rubicon subsistence, Max Baak Involvement in ATLAS management  Nigel Hessey – Upgrade coordinator  Kors Bos – Computing Operation coordinator  Paul de Jong - Publications committee  Stan Bentvelsen – Convener top physics group  Peter Kluit – Convener muon combined performance  Wouter Verkerke – Physics validation coordinator  Patrick Werneke – Technical coordinator SCT endcaps  Charles Timmermans – Convenor Graphics group  Stan Bentvelsen – Advisory committee CB  Olya Igonkina – Tau trigger convenor Age profile Atlas group:  16 fte permanent staff Geographic location  Amsterdam: FOM & UvA 13 fte perm staff  Nijmegen: FOM & RU 3 fte perm staff

42 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

The beam vacuum pipe  Two from three sections are installed Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008 Installation of the ID beam pipe (with the Beryllium section) together with the Pixel package Connection of the ID section to the LAr EC beam pipe section 43

Common Computing Readiness  Common Computing at LHC LHC operational: all 4 experiments will take data Data rates and volumes to be handles at Tier1 and Tier2 is the sum of all experiments This scale of operating needs to be prepared and planned  Set-up of Combined Challenge (aka CCRC) Should be done in advance of data taking ○ Set of functional tests in February 2008 ○ Final challenge in May Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Performance/analyse Menelaos Tsiakiris Nicole Ruckstuhl Permormance of the detector And blablabla 45 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

Technical support 46 Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

ATLAS ATLAS detector as combination of Active detectors Connectivity services (cables and pipes) Support and access structures Operation infrastructure Cryogenics, cooling units, gas distribution, power distribution, ventilation … Controls and safety systems Front-end and back-end electronics Data flow hardware and software ATLAS detector as combination of Active detectors Connectivity services (cables and pipes) Support and access structures Operation infrastructure Cryogenics, cooling units, gas distribution, power distribution, ventilation … Controls and safety systems Front-end and back-end electronics Data flow hardware and software 47

Today’s & 2008 activities  Completion of the detector installation ~6000/7000 tons installed  Hardware commissioning Electronic systems, controls, safety systems  ‘Milestone’ running periods Full test of the data taking chain, mimicing ATLAS runs Test of online and offline software and computing infrastructure 48Atlas program - Stan Bentvelsen - SAC April 17, 2008

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