K/π and p/π Fluctuations 25 th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics February 2, 2009 Gary Westfall Michigan State University For the STAR Collaboration.

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Presentation transcript:

K/π and p/π Fluctuations 25 th Winter Workshop on Nuclear Dynamics February 2, 2009 Gary Westfall Michigan State University For the STAR Collaboration

Gary Westfall for STAR 2 Outline Introduction Search for QCD phase transition Search for QCD critical point Observables Event-by-event fluctuations K/π Fluctuations Strangeness fluctuations p/π Fluctuations Baryon fluctuations Conclusions

Gary Westfall for STAR 3 Search for QCD Transition If we pass through a QCD phase transition we expect a change in the number of degrees of freedom and a change in particle number fluctuations Hadronic matter to deconfined quark gluon matter If we pass near the QCD critical point we expect an increase in susceptibilities and corresponding increase in fluctuations According to Volker Koch at QM 08 “Any fluctuation will do….” We will look for changes in K/π and p/π fluctuations as a function of beam energy

Gary Westfall for STAR 4 Lattice QCD Calculations Cheng et al., arXiv: v2 [hep-th] Quadratic and quartic fluctuations of baryon number, electric charge and strangeness All quantities have been normalized to the corresponding free quark gas values

Gary Westfall for STAR 5 NA49 uses the variable  dyn Measure deviation from Poisson behavior using dyn Actually Characterize Fluctuations

Gary Westfall for STAR 6 K/π Fluctuations

Gary Westfall for STAR 7 Excitation Function for σ dyn,Kπ Compare STAR results for central Au+Au collisions with SPS results for central Pb+Pb collisions STAR Collaboration, arXiv: v1 [nucl-ex] (2009) NA49 Collaboration arXiv: v2 [nucl-ex] (2008)

Gary Westfall for STAR 8 Compare with Statistical Hadronization Model G. Torrieri, Int. Jour. Mod. Phys. E, 16, 1783 (2007).

Gary Westfall for STAR 9 Compare with Several Models AMPT Z. W. Lin, C. M. Ko, B. A. Li, B. Zhang, and S. Pal, Phys. Rev. C 72, (2005). UrQMD M. Bleicher et al., J. Phys. G 25, 1859 (1999). HSD M.I. Gorenstein, M. Hauer, V.P. Konchakovski, and E.L. Bratkovskaya, arXiv: v1 [nucl-th] (2008). Lines are to guide the eye

Gary Westfall for STAR 10 ν dyn,Kπ Plotted versus dN/dη Au+Au Pb+Pb %

Gary Westfall for STAR 11 Look at Charges Separately 200 GeV Au+Au

Gary Westfall for STAR 12 HIJING Predictions - Separated Charges 200 GeV Au+Au

Gary Westfall for STAR 13 Scale with dN/dη and Compare with HIJING Average ν dyn,K+/π+ and ν dyn,K-/π- to get Same Average ν dyn,K+/π- and ν dyn,K-/π+ to get Opposite

Gary Westfall for STAR 14 Scale with dN/dη and Compare with AMPT AMPT (version 1.21, hard scattering) for summed charges is better than HIJING, but centrality dependence is not correct AMPT predicts no difference between same and opposite

Gary Westfall for STAR 15 Relation of K/π Fluctuations to Resonance Re-interaction Model of Torrieri, Jeon and Rafelski Predict K/π fluctuations and resonance production using statistical hadronization model Jeon and Koch, PRL 83, 5435 (1999) (π + /π - ) Relate ν dyn,K+/π- and ν dyn,K-/π- to K * (892)/K ratio (3/4) (ν dyn,K+/π- - ν dyn,K-/π- ) ∼ K * /K

Gary Westfall for STAR 16 Resonance Reinteraction Compared with Thermal Model of Torrieri Au+Au T = 170 MeV

Gary Westfall for STAR 17 Dependence on Acceptance Full Acceptance Au+Au 200 GeV

Gary Westfall for STAR 18 p/π Fluctuations

Gary Westfall for STAR 19 Excitation Function for σ dyn,pπ % Pb+Pb 0 - 5% Au+Au

Gary Westfall for STAR 20 Compare with Two Models

Gary Westfall for STAR 21 p/  Fluctuations (ν dyn,pπ ) for 200 GeV Au+Au Compared to Mixed Events Pions 0.2 < p t < 0.6 GeV/c Protons 0.4 < p t < 1.0 GeV/c Compare with mixed events Mixed events are consistent with zero

Gary Westfall for STAR 22 p/  Fluctuations for 200 GeV Au+Au Scale with dN/d 

Gary Westfall for STAR 23 p/  Fluctuations for 200 GeV Au+Au HIJING Predictions

Gary Westfall for STAR 24 Conclusions It is not clear if there are any discontinuities in the excitation function for K/π fluctuations K/π fluctuations scale with dN/dη The excitation functions for K/π and p/π fluctuations in central collisions need More data RHIC low energy run Better data STAR ToF upgrade Separated sign fluctuations have more information than the summed sign fluctuations Fluctuations of resonance products - recombination, etc.