James Clerk Maxwell 1831-1879.

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Presentation transcript:

James Clerk Maxwell

The Bohr Model of the Atom

The New Model of the Atom

The Scale of the New Internal Space Comparing Sizes  Assuming you weigh about 150 lbs, you are about 4 x or  times heavier than a proton.  Assuming you have a radius of about 0.5 meters you are about 4 x or times larger than a proton.

If you were a proton, the electron, the size of a pea, would be about 21,160 meters or 13.1 miles away.

The electron 13.1 miles away would be about the size of a pea.  It would exert an electrical attraction of about 7,370,000 lbs. on you. (This is scaled by size not weight so it is a conservative estimate.)  The gravitational pull would be only 3.3 x lbs.

If you were the Sun, the entire Solar system would fit in a 2.65 mile radius. The Earth would be 1mm, 100 yards away. Jupiter would be 1cm 600 yards away.

 If you were a proton in a nucleus with other protons you would be about 1.6 meter or 5.2 feet away, about two chairs over.  You would be repelled by electrical forces from this other proton with a force of 1.25 x lbs or  1,250,000,000,000,000 lbs. !!!!  The actual force between two protons is 3.2 lbs!

If you were to give off a gamma ray, you would release 1.1 x Ev, which is 176 watts/sec or 129 ft.-lbs. A beta particle would release you would release 3.96 x Ev, which is 633 watts/sec or 464 ft.-lbs. The Energy stored in the Nucleus is almost unimaginable

Your electron would appear and disappear in different places near the 13 mile radius.

The Uncertainty Principle Werner Heisenberg 1925  It is impossible to simultaneously determine the exact position and momentum of any piece of matter. If we know where it is, we can’t measure where it is going, and vice versa.

The Probability Cloud

Double Slit with Particles

Double Slit with Waves

Particles vs. Waves

Double Slit with Electrons

Adding an Observer

Double slit with an observer. The electron acts like a particle.

Shrödinger’s Cat

A superposition of cat states