CCRS Ecclesiology: What does it mean for the Church to be Church? Session III Revd Dr Gareth Leyshon Archdiocese of Cardiff

CCRS Ecclesiology Session III: The Diocese and the Bishops’ Conference The Church as Servant of the World The Communion of Saints

The Diocese The “particular church” a technical term meaning the people of one diocese under its bishop

The Diocese Incardination of Priests Regulates Catholic Education Marriage Tribunal Boundaries of Parishes

The Bishops’ Conference

Departments of CBCEW Catholic Education and Formation Christian Life and Worship Christian Responsibility and Citizenship Dialogue and Unity Evangelisation and Catechesis International Affairs - particular bishops speak on their designated issues

Powers of the Conference Clerical Dress Permanent Deacons Liturgical Books Holy Days of Obligation Fasting and Abstinence

Which Dulles models apply to the media examples you have brought? TASK 4 Which Dulles models apply to the media examples you have brought?

TASK 4 Visible Institution Mystical Communion Sacrament of Christ Servant of the World Herald of the Gospel

Gaudium et Spes The mission of the church in the world today... A “pastoral constitution” Introductory material #1-#3 The Church cares about humanity #4-#10 The current state of the world.

Gaudium et Spes Part I: The Church & Man’s Calling Chapter I – Human Dignity Human beings are body and soul, in God’s image but fallen, intelligent, capable of faith and of conscience. Human destiny is to die, be judged by God, and receive eternal life. Atheism is common, and denies this.

Gaudium et Spes Part I: The Church & Man’s Calling Chapter II – Community of Mankind Fundamental commandment is love of God and neighbour, inseperable. We live in interdependent societies – the family and the state. #27-29 a KEY PASSAGE Free involvement in politics and co-operation in civil life is essential.

Gaudium et Spes Part I: The Church & Man’s Calling Chapter III – Human Activity How do we use our technological capability responsibly – globally? #36 – Science cannot conflict with God, but technical decisions are always subject to moral norms. Improving this world is not our ultimate goal – one day it will end.

Gaudium et Spes Part I: The Church & Man’s Calling Chapter IV – Church in Modern World #42-#43 Church does not have primary purpose of improving the material world, but Christians act to meet needs in particular circumstances.

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter I – Marriage & Family Reminder of Christian vision: lifelong and exclusive partnership, open to life. Ideal of the Christian family. Duties to elderly parents.

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter I – Marriage & Family Principle of regulating births according to circumstances is OK; not all means are moral – especially abortion and infanticide. Procreation is not the only purpose of marital love. No pressure should ever be put on anyone to marry.

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter II.1 – Culture Today Industrial technology, urbanization and mass communication. How to protect traditional cultures? 17

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter II.2 – Principles Faith and Reason each have value. Protect Culture – but Gospel is highest guide. 18

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter II.3 – Christian Duties Gifted men and women should be helped to realise their potential, even if they lack the means. Theologians: make the church’s teaching more intelligible to each culture and incorporate new scientific findings. Role for professional lay theologians. New art forms welcome in liturgy. 19

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency 20

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter III – Economic & Social Life Society is more urban, interdependent, and the State is more involved. Capitalist and communist economics can both dominate people’s values. The gap between rich and poor widens – this affects individuals and nations. 21

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter III.1 – Economic Development Industry should be driven by genuine human need, not profit or status. Limited resources should not be held unproductively, especially in great need. 22

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter III.1 – Economic Development FairTrade! Fair treatment for economic migrants, who are people! Technical training where industrial methods remove manual jobs. Protection for the ill and the elderly. 23

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter III.2 – Principles Human labour – dignity not commodity. Labourers must be enabled to have time for rest, family, culture, education, leisure and religion. Worker’s needs must be represented to the management, e.g. by unions; the right to strike is acknowledged. 24

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter III.2 – Principles The earth’s resources are to be shared by everyone – each person has a right to their basic necessities. Investing or exercising public office must be guided by moral values. The right to private property is an aspect of human freedom. 25

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter IV – Political Community Rulers guided by morality and the common good. State: only necessary powers, nor should citizens expect the state to act in their self-interest. Christians can and should get involved in politics. 26

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter IV – Political Community A clear distinction between activities of Church, and those of Christians taking civic duties guided by a Christian conscience. #76 The respective roles of the Church and the State. 27

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter V – International Peace True peace requires justice. Non-violent activism is praiseworthy. 28

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter V.1 – Avoidance of War Current realities: Terrorism, guerilla warfare, weapons of mass destruction. Genocide and ethnic cleansing condemned. Affirms Geneva Convention and similar, and protection of conscientious objectors. Self-defence is legitimate and military service is therefore honourable. 29

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter V.1 – Avoidance of War Weapons of mass destruction are never legitimate. Peacemaking initiatives are essential. An international body to settle disputes and keep peace is essential. 30

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter V.2 – International Community Bodies for global co-operation are essential. Developing countries should seek to progress using their own resources. Developed countries should offer assistance and avoid excessive profit. Population must be managed, but not by immoral means. 31

Gaudium et Spes Part II: Problems of Special Urgency Chapter V.2 – International Community Christian voluntary work is praiseworthy. Aid efforts should be co-ordinated. #89-93 Church to be present through official agencies and all Christians. 32

Benedict XVI Deus Caritas Est Part I – God and human love Part II - Christian charity in practice Caritas in Veritate Applies Catholic Teaching to current economic circumstances 33

TASK 5 Read the Deus Caritas Est extracts provided. What do they tell us about CHURCH? 34

The Servant Church Teaches Moral Values (Session 4) Intervenes at the U.N. Sets up international, national and diocesan agencies Grassroots projects by Catholics Individual Catholics involved in all sorts of charitable projects 35

Catholic Aid Agencies

Also... The Church is not only on Earth!

The “Church Suffering” In Purgatory Our prayers can help Early tradition of “offering Mass” All Souls’ Day November Dead List Real benefit as well as psychological need 38

The “Church Triumphant” In Heaven, Disembodied (John XXII) No need of our prayers Early tradition of Mass for “martyrs’ birthdays” – other saints come later All Saints’ Day Beatification and Canonisation Invoked at Baptism and Ordination 40

Presentation © Revd Dr Gareth Leyshon 2009 except for photographs included as fair use for educational purposes. It may be freely used as a Catholic educational tool. www.drgareth.info/ccrs