MODULE 9
INTRODUCTION TO REAL ESTATE FINANCE
Fundamentals of Real Estate Finance w Financing Decisions Balancing Risks and Rewards w Risk Analysis Inflation (Purchasing Power Risk) Default Risk Business Risk Liquidity Risk Financial Risk Leverage Intermediation w Real Estate Finance Industry w Financing Process w Recent Trends and The Economy
US Savings Rate % Source: BEA
Real Gross Private Domestic Investment Bill. Of 1992 $ Source: US Dept. of Commerce
Total Personal Savings Bill. $ Source: US Dept. of Commerce
Gross Private Savings Bill. $ Source: US Dept. of Commerce
’97-98 Ranking of Capital Sources for Real Estate: w Pension Funds w Insurance Companies w REITs w Non-REIT Securitization w Domestic Investors & “Opportunity Funds” w Domestic Banks w Foreign Investors w Credit Companies w Foreign Banks
Flow of Funds in Savings Investment Cycles Indirect Finance Banks Thrifts Life Insurance Mutual Funds REITs Pension Funds Surplus Income Units Savings Deposits $ Securities, Notes $ Funds Deficit Income Units $Direct Finance Brokers Mortgage Bankers FNMA GNMA FHLMC Private Financing Mortgages Securities Secondary Mortgage Market $
Total Outstanding Mortgages $, Bill. Source: Federal Reserve
Total Agency MBS Outstanding $, Bill. Source: GNMA, FNMA, FHLMC
Outstanding Agency CMOs $, Bill. Source: GNMA, FNMA, FHLMC
Net Increase of Foreign Owned Assets in US $, Mill. Source: BEA, DOC
Primary Market vs. Secondary Market
The Financing Environment I Funds Capital Equity Debt ServiceReturn on and of Equity The Real Estate Property Taxes & Fees Public Sector Municipal Services Funds Debt Fees Service Developer Operator The Markets & Users Occupancy Costs Real Estate “Services”
The Financing Environment II
Interest Rates & Yields Determination 1. Supply & Demand 2. Money, Economy & Inflation 3. Default Rate 4. Callable Risk 5. Maturity Risk 6. Marketability (or Liquidity) Risk