1 在 IEEE 系統上提供 QoS 機 制之研究 Student:Hsin-Hsien Liu Advisor:Ho-Ting Wu Date:
2 Outline Background Motivation Call Admission Control & Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm Simulation result Conclusion Future Work
3 Background IEEE specifies the air interface of fixed and mobile BWA systems WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) Support QoS High transmission rate Easy and less expensive to deploy
4 The IEEE family of standards Name a802.16d802.16e Completed 2001/122003/012004/062005/12 Mobility Fixed Fixed Portable Mobility Spectrum (GHz) 10~66 LOS 2~11 NLOS 2~11 NLOS 2~6 NLOS Bit Rate (Mbps) 32~ Cell Radius (KM) 2~57~10 2~5
5 IEEE Topology PMP (Point-to-Multipoint) Mesh Communication path direction Downlink (BS to SS) Uplink (SS to BS ) Multiplex TDD FDD
6 Service type in IEEE Unsolicited Grant Service (UGS) Real-time, Constant bit rate, ex VoIP T1 Real-time Polling Service (rtPS) Real-time, Variable bit rate, ex MPEG Non-real-time Polling Service (nrtPS) Delay-tolerant, require min rate, ex FTP Best Effort (BE) No QoS guarantees are promised, ex HTTP
7 QoS Architecture of IEEE
8 Motivation IEEE defines four service flows with different QoS requirement Except for UGS, the bandwidth allocation mechanism for the other three service flows are left undefined
9 Call Admission Control Decides whether to accept or reject the connection base on network state A simple admission control is adopted by using the Minimum Reserved traffic rate [2]
10 Proposed CAC QoS-Considered CAC Considers each service flow with different QoS requirement rtPS: Average traffic transmission rate nrtPS: Minimum reserved traffic rate BE: always accept
11 Bandwidth Allocation Algorithm Strict Priority BWA Simple Starvation problem Deficit Fair Priority Queue (DFPQ) BWA[2] Provides more fairness Refers DWRR Scheduler uses variable deficit counter to visit each non-empty queue
12 DFPQ Procedure 1.Update the parameters, 2.Service the connections in the service flow with the first priority queue a.DeficitCounter[i] ≤ 0 b.Waiting queue is empty c.No available bandwidth left d.It is time sending MAP message
13 DFPQ Procedure (cont.) 3.If Cond. a or Cond. b stands, service other lower priority queues as in Step 2. If there is no lower priority queue, go to Step 2 for anther scheduling round 4.If Cond. c or Cond. d stands, send the MAP message out. Go to Step 1 for next TDD frame
14 Proposed BWA Fairness-based BWA (FBWA) First, fundamental QoS bandwidth allocation Second, fairness bandwidth allocation
15 FBWA Procedure 1.Satisfies rtPS fundamental QoS requirement 2.Satisfies nrtPS fundamental QoS requirement
16 FBWA Procedure (cont.) 3.Allocates fair for each service flow
17 FBWA Procedure (cont.) 4.Each service flow finally gain bandwidth :
18 Simulation parameters setting Total Bandwidth:10Mbps Frame Size:10ms Packet Size:40, 552, 1200bytes rtPS, nrtPS, BE Data Rate:387, 64, 64Kbits/sec rtPS, nrtPS, BE Call Duration:240, 120, 60s rtPS, nrtPS, BE Max. Delay:40, 100, 200ms rtPS, nrtPS, BE Max. Sustained Traffic Rate: 464.4, 76.8, 76.8Kbits/sec rtPS, nrtPS Min. Reserved Traffic Rate:309.6, 51.2Kbits/sec
19 Simulation result – CAC Blocking Probability
20 Simulation result – CAC Accepts Connection
21 Simulation result – CAC generates system loading
22 Simulation result – QoS Performance Analysis 1.Different CAC with FBWA 2.Different CAC with DFPQ 3.QoS_CAC with different BWA 4.Rmin_CAC with different BWA 5.QoS_CAC with FBWA vs. Rmin_CAC with DFPQ
23 Different CAC with FBWA - Packet Delay
24 Different CAC with FBWA - Packet Drop Rate
25 Different CAC with DFPQ - Packet Delay
26 Different CAC with DFPQ - Packet Drop Rate
27 QoS_CAC with different BWA – Packet Delay
28 QoS_CAC with different BWA – Packet Drop Rate
29 Rmin_CAC with different BWA – Packet Delay
30 Rmin_CAC with different BWA – Packet Drop Rate
31 QoS_CAC with FBWA vs. Rmin_CAC with DFPQ – Packet Delay
32 QoS_CAC with FBWA vs. Rmin_CAC with DFPQ – Packet Drop Rate
33 Conclusion Proposed QoS CAC provides QoS guarantee under system overload Proposed Fairness-based BWA improves fairness
34 Future Work Downlink and Uplink dynamic bandwidth allocation Consider real performance of each service flow in time
35 Reference [1]IEEE :Air Interface for Fixed Broadband Wireless Access System. Standard, IEEE standard for local and metropolitan area network [2]Jianfeng Chen, Wenhua Jiao and Hongxi Wang, “ A Service Flow Management Strategy for IEEE Broadband Wireless Access System, ” Lucent Technologies, Bell Labs Research China
36 Q&A