Ecosystem composition and export production variability Corinne Le Quéré, Erik Buitenhuis, Christine Klaas Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany.

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Ecosystem composition and export production variability Corinne Le Quéré, Erik Buitenhuis, Christine Klaas Max-Planck-Institute for Biogeochemistry, Germany and Olivier Aumont Laboratoire de Dynamique du Climat et des Océans, France

1850today2100 CO 2 sink (PgC/y) Prentice et al., 2001 OCEAN LAND climate feedback

4 NPZD PISCES Dynamic Green Ocean Model (DGOM)

SeaWiFS Chla (mgChl/m3)

SeaWiFS NPZD PISCES DGOM Chla (mgChl/m3)

SeaWiFS 50% Interannual standard deviation of Chla (%) Chla (mgChl/m3)

SeaWiFS NPZD PISCES DGOM 50% Interannual standard deviation of Chla (%) Chla (mgChl/m3)

NanoCocco.Diatoms Description maximum growth rate µ at 0°C (1/d) half sat. P (nM)19475 half sat. Si (µM)2 half sat. Fe (pM) Light affinity dependence664 Phytoplankton traits

cocco diatoms nano Abundance of PFT (%) DGOM cocco diatoms nano 70N 0 70S relative contribution

cocco diatoms nano Interannual standard deviation of chla per PFT (%)

cocco diatoms nanno Interannual standard deviation of chla per PFT (%) 5 PFTs4 PFTs

diatoms coccolithophorids nano phytoplankton Plankton-specific chla in the North Atlantic (40N-45N, mgChla/m3)

DGOM Abundance of diatoms (%) Uitz, Claustre et al., from an HPLC pigment and SeaWIFS Chla cocco diatoms nano 70N 0 70S relative contribution

Coccolithophorid bloom frequency Analysis from C. Brown cocco diatoms nano DGOM 70N 0 70S relative contribution

MEAN (Standard deviation) Export Production (PgC/y)

sensitivity of plankton biomass to growth grazing diatoms nano Cocco. Meso-zoo Micro-zoo diatoms nano Cocco. Meso-zoo Micro-zoo

Conclusions More complexity in marine ecosystems gives more variability in fluxes More in line with observations Mean spatial distribution in PFTs is critical to reproduce chl variability

DescriptionPCULDGSWSWAMSWFESWPOSWSI half sat. P diatoms (nM) half sat. P nano/pico(nM) half sat. P Coccolith. (nM) half sat. Si Diatoms (µM) half sat. Fe diatoms (aM) half sat. Fe nano/pico (aM) half sat. Fe Coccolith. (aM Phytoplankton traits

DescriptionUnitsPCULDGSW SWA M SWFESWPO SWS I half saturation PO 4 diatoms nM half saturation PO 4 nanophytoplankton nM half saturation PO 4 coccolithopho rids nM44444 half saturation SiO 3 diatoms µM half saturation Fe diatoms aM half saturation Fe nanophytoplankton aM half saturation Fe coccolithopho rids aM Phytoplankton traits

DescriptionPCULEQULEME2EMESEMI2EMIC max. growth rate Meso-zoo (1/d) half sat. Meso-zoo (µM) mortality rate Meso-zoo (1/d) 0.1*mes *mes0.1*mes0.058 max growth rate Micro-zoo (1/d) half saturation Micro-zoo (µM) 18 3 Zooplankton traits

DescriptionUnitsPCULEQULEME2EMESEMI2 EMI C max. growth rate mesozooplan kton 1/d half saturation mes µMµM mortality rate mes 1/d 0.1*m es *mes 0.1*m es max growth rate microzoopla nkton 1/d half saturation mic µMµM18 3 Zooplankton traits

POC CaCO3 Si sediment trap data base of C. Klaas Impact of El Nino in % on Chla (full line from SeaWiFS) and export (dots from traps)

cocco diatoms nanno Abundance of PFT (%) DGOMPISCES