Financial Statement Analysis Chapter 19 Financial Statement Analysis
Overview Purpose Tools Used Statements Ratio Analysis Limitations
Financial Statements Balance Sheet Income Statement Common Sized Trend or Indexed Income Statement Statement of Cash Flows
Ratio Analysis Purpose of Ratio Analysis Uses Use by External Analysts Trend analysis Comparative analysis Combination Use by External Analysts Important information for investment community Important for credit markets
Type of Financial Ratios Liquidity Ratios Activity or Mgmt Efficiency Ratios Leverage Ratios Profitability Ratios Market Price Ratios
Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio Current Assets Current Liabilities Quick Ratio Current Assets - Inventory
Activity or Management Efficiency Ratios Inventory Turnover Sales or Cost of Goods Sold Inventory Total Asset Turnover Sales Total Assets
Activity or Management Efficiency Ratios Average Collection Period Accounts Receivable Sales Per Day Days to Sell Inventory Inventory
Leverage Ratios Times Interest Earned Earnings Before Int. & Taxes Interest Expense Fixed Charge Coverage Ratios Lease Payments Principal Repayments Preferred Dividends
Leverage Ratios Debt to Assets Long Term Debt Assets Debt to Equity Shareholders Equity
Profitability Ratios Net Profit Margin % Net Income Sales Return on Assets Total Assets
Profitability Ratios Return on Equity Net Income Common Equity Operating Margin After Depr. Operating Profit Sales
Market Price Ratios Price to Earnings Market Price of Stock Earnings Market-to-Book-Value Book Value Per Share
Decomposition of ROE (1) x (2) x (3) x (4) x (5) ROE = Net Profit Pretax Profit x EBIT Sales Assets Equity (1) x (2) x (3) x (4) x (5) x Margin x Turnover x Leverage Tax Burden Interest
Comparability Problems Accounting Differences Inventory Valuation Depreciation Inflation International Accounting Conventions