Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) 1 atm pressure 0 ºC or 273 K.

Slides:



Advertisements
Similar presentations
A.P. Chemistry Chapter 5 Gases.
Advertisements

Gas Laws Chapter 14. Properties of Gases  Gases are easily compressed because of the space between the particles in the gas.
Daltons Law P t = P 1 + P 2 + P 3 +……. Daltons Law P t = P 1 + P 2 + P 3 +……. P t = x 1 p t + x 2 p t + x 3 p t +……. x = mole fraction p = total pressure.
III. Ideal Gas Law (p , ) Ch. 10 & 11 - Gases.
February 5, 2008  Go over Charles’s Law and Avogadro’s Law Homework  Introduce Combined Gas Law  Introduce Ideal Gas Law  Work Sample Problems  HOMEWORK:
Ideal vs. Real Gases No gas is ideal. As the temperature of a gas increases and the pressure on the gas decreases the gas acts more ideally.
Combined and ideal gas laws Gases Have Mass Gases Diffuse Gases Expand To Fill Containers Gases Exert Pressure Gases Are Compressible Pressure & Temperature.
Review of the Gas Laws PV = nRT.
Chapter 13 The Gas Laws. Robert Boyle studied how gas volume varied with changes in pressure.
NOTES: (Combined and Ideal Gas Laws)
Ch. 13: Gas Laws. I. Factors Affecting Gas Pressure A.Amount of Gas 1.↑ molecules = ↑ collisions with walls = ↑ pressure 2.↓ molecules = ↓ collisions.
Compressibility Compressibility is a measure of how much the volume of matter decreases under pressure.
The Gas Laws The Behavior of Gases. The Combined Gas Law The combined gas law expresses the relationship between pressure, volume and temperature of a.
Chapter 10 Gases. A Gas -Uniformly fills any container. -Mixes completely with any other gas -Exerts pressure on its surroundings.
Gases. Kinetic Molecular Theory Particles in an ideal gas… –have no volume. –have elastic collisions. –are in constant, random, straight-line motion.
Gas Laws Chapter 14 Mrs. Hayen, Fall ‘03. Kinetic Molecular Theory Gas particles do not attract or repel each other. Gas particles are much smaller than.
Temperature Unit Kelvin (K) Kelvin = °C Temperature Convert 45°C to Kelvin 45°C = 318 K.
A Gas -Uniformly fills any container. -Mixes completely with any other gas -Exerts pressure on its surroundings.
Gas Laws Why Gases Behave As They Do. Factors Affecting Gases Pressure  Atmosphere  mm Hg, Torr  psi (pounds per square inch; #/in 2 )  Paschal (N/
MOLAR VOLUME. molar volume What is the volume of a gas at STP, if it contains 10.4 moles? What is the volume of carbon dioxide gas (STP) if the.
Ideal Gas Law (Equation):
b The good news is that you don’t have to remember all three gas laws! Since they are all related to each other, we can combine them into a single equation.
Gas Volumes and the Ideal Gas Law 11.3 Volumes of Reacting Gases Gay-Lussac’s law of combining volumes of gases – at constant T and P, the V of gaseous.
The Ideal Gas Law. The Perfect Gas Ideal gas – an imaginary gas whose particles are infinitely small and do not interact with each other No gas obeys.
Section 13.2 Using Gas Laws to Solve Problems. Section 13.2 Using Gas Laws to Solve Problems 1.To understand the ideal gas law and use it in calculations.
Objectives To learn about atmospheric pressure and how barometers work
Chapter 14 Gases The Gas Laws 1. Kinetic Theory a. Gas particles do not attract or repel each other each other b. Gas particles are much smaller than.
GASES (Part 3). Gas Laws A Quick Review Of What We’ve Learned.
Ideal vs. Real Gases No gas is ideal. As the temperature of a gas increases and the pressure on the gas decreases the gas acts more ideally.
Ch. 5 Gases!!!!!. Pressure conversions O Pressure – force per unit area O Can be measured in atm, mmHg, torr, kPa, psi O 1atm =760mmHg = 760torr = 101.3kPa=
Gas Laws A. The ____ _____ are simple mathematical relationships between the _______, _______, ___________, and __________ of a gas. gas laws pressure.
Gas Laws Boyle’s – PV at const Temp Charles’- V/T at const Pressure Combined – PV/T Ideal – PV=nRT Dalton’s – P T =P 1 + P 2 +… Graham’s –
Dalton’s law of partial pressure At constant volume and temperature, the total pressure of a mixture of gases is the sum of the partial pressures of all.
Warm-up 2H 2 (g) + O 2 (g)  2H 2 O (g) How many liters of water will be produced from 300 grams of Oxygen gas if Hydrogen gas is in excess? (at STP)
Ideal Gases. Ideal Gas vs. Real Gas Gases are “most ideal”… at low P & high T in nonpolar atoms/molecules Gases are “real”… Under low T & high P when.
Gas Laws 10-2 and Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT PV = nRT P = Pressure, in atm V = volume, in L n = number of moles T =Temperature, in Kelvins (K = C +
STAR Review Standard 4 Gases and Their Properties.
Solids, Liquids, and Gases  deposition sublimation   freezing melting  boiling condensing.
Gas Laws. Boyles Law -Pressure and volume are Inversely proportional, or as one increases the other decreases at the same rate, assuming temperature is.
Combined and ideal gas laws PV=k 1 V/T=k 2 P/T=k 3  If we combine all of the relationships from the 3 laws covered thus far (Boyle’s, Charles’s, and.
Gases KMT = particles constant motion AKE, temperature, pressure, volume, amount of a gas are all related.
Pages Chp 11 Gas Laws. Boyle’s Law P V PV = k.
IDEAL GAS LAW. Variables of a Gas We have already learned that a sample of gas can be defined by 3 variables:  Pressure  Volume  Temperature.
Ideal Gas Law.  It is called the Ideal Gas Law because it assumes that gases are behaving “ideally” (according to the Kinetic-Molecular Theory)  It.
Ideal vs. Real Gases No gas is ideal. As the temperature of a gas increases and the pressure on the gas decreases the gas acts more ideally.
Charles’ Law V 1 = V 2 T 1 T 2 Volume is directly proportional to temp (Pressure constant) Boyle’s Law P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2 Pressure is inversely proportional.
Ideal Gas Law Van der Waals combined Boyle’s and Charles’ Laws.
The Gas Laws Ch. 14- Gases. Boyle’s Law P V PV = k Pressure and Volume are inversely proportional. As Volume increased, pressure decreases.
A sample of neon is at 89 o C and 123 kPa. If the pressure changes to 145 kPa and the volume remains constant, find the new temperature, in K. Gay-Lussac.
Ideal vs. Real Gases No gas is ideal. As the temperature of a gas increases and the pressure on the gas decreases the gas acts more ideally.
GAS LAWS Boyle’s Charles’ Gay-Lussac’s Combined Gas Ideal Gas Dalton’s Partial Pressure.
V  1/P (Boyle’s law) V  T (Charles’s law) P  T (Gay-Lussac’s law) V  n (Avogadro’s law) So far we’ve seen… PV nT = R ideal gas constant: R =
Gas Laws Chapter 12. Gases assume the volume and shape of their containers. Gases are the most compressible state of matter. Gases will mix evenly and.
The Ideal Gas Law Ideal Gas  Follows all gas laws under all conditions of temperature and pressure.  Follows all conditions of the Kinetic Molecular.
Gas Laws 1.00 atm = 760 torr = 760mmHg = 14.7psi = 101.3kPa Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) = 1.00 atm at 273K.
Gases. Units of Pressure 1atm. = 760mm Hg (torr) = 101,325 pascals (Pa) = kPa = psi.
The Ideal Gas Law. The ideal gas law Relates pressure, temperature,volume, and the number of moles of a gas.
Gases.
Ideal Gas Law Thursday, April 5th, 2018.
Ideal Gas Law.
(same ratio for every gas)
NOTEBOOKS PINK PACKETS WHITE UNIT 7 PACKETS CALCULATORS
Temperature & Gas Laws Chapter 16.
Objectives To understand the ideal gas law and use it in calculations
Gas Laws Robert Boyle Jacques Charles Amadeo Avogadro
Gas Variable Relationships
Gas Laws Chapter 14.
PV = nRT Pressure x Volume = Moles x gas constant x Temp.
Boyle’s Gas Law ** At constant temperature and
Combined Gas Law At times 1 and 2 so
Presentation transcript:

Standard Temperature and Pressure (STP) 1 atm pressure 0 ºC or 273 K

Boyles Law P 1 V 1 = P 2 V 2

Charles’s Law

Gay-Lussac’s Law

Conflux Pictures taken from web site:

Absolute zero = 0 K = -273 ºC

Combined Gas Law

Problems Practice - page 162 Practice - page 165 Practice - page 169

Ideal Gas Law PV = nRT P = pressure V = volume n = number of moles of gas R = Gas constant ( L·Atm / Mol·K) T = Temperature in Kelvin

Problems Practice problems page 168 Practice – page 171

Daltons Law P t = P 1 + P 2 + P 3 +…….

Daltons Law P t = P 1 + P 2 + P 3 +……. P t = x 1 p 1 + x 2 p 2 + x 3 p 3 +……. x = mole fraction p = total pressure

Practice – page 177 A sample of natural gas contains 8.24 moles of methane (CH 4 ) moles of ethane (C 2 H 6 ) and mole of propane (C 3 H 8 ). If the total pressure of the gases is 1.37 atm, what are the partial pressures of the gases