Chapter 2 Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Discuss the relationship between health care data and health care information. Identify problems associated with poor quality health care data. Define the characteristics of data quality. Discuss the challenges associated with measuring and ensuring health care data quality. Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Data vs. Information Problems with poor quality data Ensuring Data Quality Data Errors Using IT to improve Data Quality Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Information is processed data  Health care information is processed health care data Knowledge is a “combination or rules, relationships, ideas, and experience” ( Johns, 1997 ) Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Health Care Data Health Care Information Health Care Knowledge Processing Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Diminished quality of Patient care data can lead to problems with  Patient care  Communication among providers & patients  Documentation  Reimbursement  Outcomes assessment  Research Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Medical Record Institute cites problems with (MRI, 2004)  Patient Safety  Public Safety  Continuity of Patient Care  Health Care Economics  Clinical Research and Outcomes Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Medical Record Institute Principles of Health Care Documentation (MRI, 2004)  Unique Patient Identification within and across systems  Health care documentation must be  Accurate and consistent  Complete  Timely  Interoperable across systems  Accessible  Auditable  Confidential and secure authentication and accountability must be provided Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

MRI takes the position that when practitioners interact with electronic resources they have an increased ability to meet the these guidelines. Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

 Accessibility  Consistency  Currency  Granularity  Precision  Accuracy  Comprehensiveness  Definition  Relevancy  Timeliness AHIMA Data Quality Management Model: Data Characteristics Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Systematic Random Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

SystematicRandom Unclear data definitions Unclear data collection guidelines Poor interface design Programming errors Incomplete data source Unsuitable data format in the source Data dictionary is lacking or not available Data dictionary is not adhered to Guidelines or protocols are not adhered to Lack of insufficient data checks No system for correcting detected data errors No control over adherence to guidelines and data definitions Illegible handwriting in data source Typing errors Lack of motivation Frequent personnel turnover Calculation errors (not built into the system) Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Data Error Prevention  Compose a minimum set of necessary data items  Define data and data characteristics in a data dictionary  Develop a data collection protocol  Create user friendly data entry forms or interface  Compose data checks  Create a quality assurance plan  Train and motivate users Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Data Error Detection  Perform automatic data checks  Perform data quality audits  Review data collection protocols and procedures  Check inter- and intraobserver varability (if appropropriate)  Visually inspect completed forms (online or otherwise)  Routinely check completeness of data entry Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Actions for Data Quality Improvement  Provided data quality reports to users  Correct inaccurate data and fill in incomplete data detected  Control user correction of data errors  Give feedback of data quality results and recommendations  Resolve identified causes of data errors  Implement identified system changes  Communicate with users Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

EMRs improve legibility and accessibility Structured data input improves data comprehensiveness, relevance and consistency  Many EMRs DO NOT require structured data input Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser

Data vs. Information Problems of Poor Quality Data Ensuring Data/Information Quality  MRI Guidelines  AHIMA Characteristics Types Data Errors Causes of Poor Quality Data Activities for Improving Data Quality Using IT to Improve Data Quality Health Care Information Systems: A Practical Approach for Health Care Management 2nd Edition Wager ~ Lee ~ Glaser