1 CEE Areas of Specialization Construction Environmental Geotechnical Structures Transportation Water Resources

2 Transportation Cost Total Government Revenues (2001) $125 Billion Total Government Expenditures (2001) $183 Billion From the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics 2006

3 Environmental Cost Transportation contributes about % of US GHG emissions Approximately 40% of PM 10 emissions in Seattle 50-60% NOx emissions

4 Transportation Engineering The science of safe and efficient movement of people and goods How does global trade play into this?

5 Florida’s Natural Orange Juice natural-just-says-no-to-imported-oranges- advertisement/

6 Where do you think your shirt was made? How many of them were made in the US? How did it get here? Container ship How long did it take? About a week How much did it cost? $.25 a shirt

7 Why? Because that is where they grow cotton? Because we don’t have the manufacturing capability to make shirts in the US? Because labor is comparatively expensive in the US? Because global transportation is cheap! Because the US has developed an efficient system for importing and distributing goods.

8 How did this happen? This is the result of investments in transportation infrastructure in the mid-20 th century and the deregulation of transportation rates which occurred in the mid to late 20 th century US technological innovations such as the container and double-stack trains Until recently we’ve had an incredibly inexpensive and efficient freight transportation system

9 This has ENABLED globalization The United States exports and imports about one-fourth of global merchandise trade in value annually (over $2 trillion in 2000). By the year 2020 U.S. foreign trade in goods may grow to four times today's value and almost double its current tonnage. Are we paying the real cost?

10 Transportation Engineering The science of safe and efficient movement of people and goods How does global trade play into this?

11 If you build it….

12 They will come….

13 Have you been to Vancouver for the weekend? What is the longest commute distance in the room? Elasticity of demand

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17 Globalization

18 Challenges to sustainability Economic Growth: Increase in industrial activities Increase in personal income Increase in consumption Transport Impacts: Growth in trip rates Motorization Change in mode share Urban expansion Transport Services: Facilitate movement of goods and services Improve access to work, education, etc. Economic and Environmental Impacts: Emissions (Conventional +GHG) Congestion Collisions Noise, etc. Enables Creates Produces Inhibits

19 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

20 Air Quality Concerns

21 Deaths from Urban Air Pollution, 2000

22 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

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24 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

25 Development of the Container

26 Containerized trade is BOOMING

27 Growth in the volume of world merchandise trade

28 World Merchandise Exports and GDP

29 World exports and GDP

30 Transport Growth in Selected Developing Countries

31 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

32 Share of Total Road Related Deaths by Category of User

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34 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

35 Security

36 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

37 Infrastructure Condition

38 U.S. Interstate Highway Condition From the Bureau of Transportation Statistics, National Transportation Statistics 2005

39 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

40 Clean Trucks Program trucks21jan21,0, story?coll=la-hohttp:// trucks21jan21,0, story?coll=la-ho me-centerme-center

41 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

42 Increasing congestion on freight corridors and in urban areas

43 Increasing congestion on freight corridors and in urban areas

44 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Urban density Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

45 Urban Density

46 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

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48 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

49 Changing business practices Outsourcing of supply Internet commerce Tighter management of the supply chain Inventory risk pooling, warehouse consolidation Success of very large importers Just in time operation Productivity improvements

50 Why is this an interesting thing to study? Complexity. Air pollution/GHG Economic activity Globalization Safety Security Infrastructure condition Distribution of benefits Congestion Relationship to land-use Business operations Future trends

51 Reliability

52 Consequences Congestion wastes expensive capacity, lengthens shipment times Delays reduce shipment reliability, disrupt delivery schedules Pressure for continued expansion of public infrastructure Businesses adapt in inefficient ways –Outlying locations, longer shipments –Larger inventories, bigger fleets

53 Infrastructure development is not the only answer congestion Provide more infrastructure Ease congestion, allow for higher speeds, encourage more driving

54 The Transportation Engineering Challenge To safely and efficiently move people and goods Not just by designing and building the transportation infrastructure, but by managing the infrastructure and demand for the infrastructure Design a transportation system that is sustainable

55 Intelligent Transportation Systems Our ability to do this has developed dramatically with electronic sensors and communication –Quantify congestion and compare congestion costs to rationalize investment –Use cost to distribute capacity rather than delay –Automatically detect and avoid dangers –Improve security –Operate more efficiently

56 Concerns for the future Is the transportation system economically sustainable? How much fuel is consumed by the transportation industry, and what kind of fuel? What is the impact on the environment? How do we cope with immense financial cost of maintaining and developing our infrastructure?

57 Passenger Transportation Successes Through the development of technology we have cleaned up passenger vehicles In some areas the exhaust is cleaner than the ambient air! Passenger-miles of travel in the United States totaled an estimated 5.0 trillion in 2002, or about 17,000 miles for every man, woman, and child Over the decade 1992 to 2002, pmt increased 27 percent The only time PMT has ever decreased is during the fuel crisis of the 1970s

58 Effort is now focused on freight transportation Replace locomotive fleet Improve quality of diesel fuels used Cold-ironing Incentives to upgrade drayage fleet Increase terminal efficiencies Speed restrictions on maritime vessels in port Advanced pollution technologies Improving road network for freight traffic Improved tracking, introduced appointment times to reduce wait times Reducing fuel cost and VMT should increase productivity and efficiency

59 The future of transportation Areas like the Puget Sound carry more burden than other areas yet transportation projects are linked to economic development Desire of developing nations to reach the industrialized status of the North Inequities caused by pricing transportation by usage and increased transportation cost Funding future transportation projects

60 Undergraduate Transportation at UW CEE 320 Transportation Engineering I (3) Study of vehicular transportation fundamentals including geometric design, pavement design, traffic flow concepts, level of service analysis, intelligent transportation systems, travel demand prediction methods, and management of transportation systems. Includes a review of relevant vehicle operating characteristics. CEE 410 Traffic Engineering Fundamentals (3) General review of the fundamentals of traffic engineering, including their relationship to transportation operations management and planning, with emphasis on calculations and procedures in the Highway Capacity Manual; field surveys and data analysis. Prerequisite: CEE 320. CEE 412 Transportation Data Management (3) Introduction to modern concepts, theories, and tools for transportation data management and analysis. Applications of software tools for transportation data storage, information retrieval, knowledge discovery, data exchange, on-line information sharing, statistical analysis, system optimization, and decision support. CEE 416 Urban Transportation Planning and Design (3) Brief review of major issues in urban transportation planning. Planning process discussed and transportation models introduced. Uses a systems framework, including goals and objectives, evaluation, implementation, and monitoring. A design term project, individual or small groups, utilizes material presented on a contemporary problem. Prerequisite: CEE 320. Offered: A. CEE 441 Transportation and Construction Capstone (4) Comprehensive design project focusing on planning, design and construction of transportation project such as highways, transit, and airports. Prerequisite: CEE 320; CEE 440, which may be taken concurrently.

61 Questions?