Scientific literacy Dave Smith - UNL Jim Kennedy – CSU Annette O’Connor – ISU Jim Keen - GPVEC Objectives – guidance & tools on how to critically answer & interpret questions (information translation) - a more informed consumer & generator of information

I Critical evaluation of (veterinary) scientific literature - Literature searching - Scientific paper evaluation OR - Vet Epi (or Public Health) in the News II Applied epidemiology - Clinical & field trials - Evidence based vet med - Dx test evaluation & interpretation - Outbreak investigations - Surveys & questionnaires III Common biostatistics concepts & methods - Descriptive stats - Sample size & power; P values & confidence intervals - Tests of proportions - Measures of risk - t tests & analysis of variance - Linear regression & correlation - Logistic regression IV Field group research projects - Apply some of what you have learned Scientific literacy – four sections

Scientific literacy - Software 1 Excel “Analysis Toolpak” - for “parametric analysis” Installation & activation MS Office icon (upper left corner) Excel options Add ins Analysis Tool Pak Location after installation - “Data” tab 2 WinPepi – for Epi analysis DAG STAT - for 2x2 table analysis

Scientific literacy – Oral presentations Clinical epidemiology scientific paper review - Pairs of participants will identify, read, evaluate & lead discussion of a scientific paper of their choosing - Two papers will be discussed during each of the remaining five modules - All participants will read and discuss the papers - Guidelines for evaluation to be provided - Mentors will do first paper on during Module 2 OR Vet epi or public health in the news - Pairs of participants will trace the original source of an article in the popular press - The popular vs original messages will be compared

Scientific literacy - research projects 1 Participatory clinical epidemiology – gain experience - Journey not destination is important 2 Evidence Based Vet Med 3 Try to answer questions of personal interest or relevance 4Small group of up to four persons 5Often clinical or field trial 6KISS – Keep it simple 7 “Need to know” vs “nice to know”

Hallmark of truth in science is repeatability & reproducibility

Strong RCTs Epidemiology Lab expts Clinical Weak Systematic reviews & meta-analysis Randomized Controlled Blind Trials EBM evidence pyramid Artificial challenge Natural infection Positive results Negative results Simple systems Complex systems Large RCTs (few) Small RTCs (many) Vet & An

Homework 1 What do you hope to learn /gain from this portion of the BCPM course 2Content additions or subtractions. 3Popcorn trial

Applied Software Exercise #1 Randomly generate Critical Literature Review Team Pairs 2. WinPepi Etcetera A Randomization (random allocation) A3 – Balanced randomization (unstratified) No groups 7 Equal size YES Subjects numbered 1 to Sort BCPM participants alphabetically & code as numbers 1-14

Applied Software Exercise #2 Randomly assign 1 popcorn bag ( one each of 2 brands) to each BCPM participant 3. WinPepi Etcetera B1 Simple random sample, without replacement Select from subjects numbered 1 to 14 Size of required sample Sort BCPM participants alphabetically & code as numbers Label popcorn bags 1 to 14 for each brand 4 Repeat step 3 for Brand #2.

A New View of Statistics HyperStat Online The Little Handbook of Statistical Practice Epidemiology for the Uninitiated Andrew Mackinnon's excellent spreadsheet program to calculate many measures of agreement and association in 2 x 2 tables. If you work with 2 x 2 tables, you should have this program! Good biostats & epi websites