2009 Soybean Drying Tips Kenneth Hellevang, Ph.D., P.E. Professor & Extension Engineer Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering NDSU Extension Service.

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Presentation transcript:

2009 Soybean Drying Tips Kenneth Hellevang, Ph.D., P.E. Professor & Extension Engineer Agricultural & Biosystems Engineering NDSU Extension Service

Soybeans Week Ending Oct. 11, 2009 Oct. 4, 2009 Oct. 11, 2008 Average Percent Dropping Leaves 98%93%100%99% Harvested17%13%57%68% USDA, NASS, ND

Maximum Moisture Contents for Safe Soybean Storage with Aeration Sold by Spring14% (13%) Stored up to 1 year12% Long-term Storage11% 70ºF & 60% RH Corn12.8% Hard Wheat13.3% Soybeans10.8%

“Approximate” Allowable Storage Time for Cereal Grains (Days) Moisture Grain Temperature (°F) Content 30º40º50º60º70º80º (%)Approximate Allowable Storage Time (Days) 14**** *** ** * * * *

NA Drying Soybeans October 47ºF & 65% RH EMC = 12.0% cfm/buDrying Time (days) 18% % October 15 – November 15 37ºF & 70% RH EMC = 13.7% Cfm/buDrying Time (days) 18% %2.039 April 42°F & 71% RH, May 56°F & 63% RH

LT Drying Soybeans October 15 – November 15 +5ºF 42ºF & 58% RH EMC = 11.0% cfm/buDrying Time (days) 18% % April 42°F & 71% RH, May 56°F & 63% RH

Fan Power Required Limit Depth 42 ft diameter bin, soybean 36 ft deep, 1.5 cfm/bu Fan = 340 hp, static pressure = 21-inches wg. Not feasible! Soybean Depth (ft) Airflow Rate (cfm/bu)--- hp per 1,000 bu

High Temperature Drying Soybeans  Some varieties split worse than others.  Initial moisture has no effect on splitting.  Avoid recirculating dryers.  Maximum Drying Temperature (non-food soybeans) Continuous flow130°F Batch Dryer110°F Seed110°F  Relative humidity above 40% reduces cracks.

Damage Occurring to Soybeans as Function of Drying Temperature Drying Temperature (ºF) Skins Cracked (%) Beans Cracked (%) – 605 – – 9020 – –

20ºF Temperature Increase Reduces Relative Humidity to ½ (80% 40%) Soybean Seed Coat Damage and Cleavage

For More Information Google: NDSU Corn Drying