Fast Timing in Cosmic Rays Simon Swordy - November 18th

Above the atmosphere mass identification trigger and charge measurement calorimeter albedo rejection Ground based dual focus imaging systems

Mass id science Be9/Be10 - age of cosmic rays should show time dilation effects which map out the density of material traveled versus time. Need lorentz factors above ~2. He3/4 - material traveled as a function of lorentz factor -> required to find source energy spectra of He antiprotons - what do these do at high energy? anti-deuterium - is there any of this?

~3m

What is the maximum detectable  for a TOF system with resolution  t and a separation of 3m?  t(ps)  max probably interesting for Be9/10 and anti- deuterium not much good for He3/4 (need 100 or so) works in a region where there are no good cherenkov radiators (n>1.01 n<1.1)

Calorimeter albedo problem CREAM-2004

albedo time ~several ns pixel detectors would be much better than paddles because of transit time in paddles

Dual focal length cerenkov imaging Primary, spherical 1m dia, 4m focal Detector, 26x26cm 1600 pixels Fresnel lens 1m focal 3m 1m ~ 18ns delay between images - TrICE (Track Imaging Cherenkov Experiment) U. Chicago - ANL

Size of Direct Cherenkov spot -> nucleus Z Dual focal length system 1st image wide angle includes shower-trigger 2nd image higher resolution finds direct Cherenkov component -> ns resolution would be useful here

HOW MUCH? For a NASA experiment on balloons 1 detector plane of 1mx1m could be up to $250k -> $25 per cm 2 For an imaging cherenkov camera 0.6m x 0.6m could be $300k -> $80 per cm 2 Probably needs to get below $100 per cm 2 to be a contender