Programming Basics Aims of Programming: –The aim of programming is to write programs to accomplish complex tasks Programming method: –functional decompositional programming method –Tasks can be broken down into smaller tasks, and further the smaller tasks can be broken down into the smallest tasks, which is called the decompositional programming method. A smallest task can be represented and accomplished with a function in the program, which is called the functional decompositional programming method –A function is a set of expressions or statements in C or C++.

FD method example

FP and OOP FP means Functional Programming and OOP means Object Oriented Programming. FP is a way to write programs with functions to be manipulated top-down stepwise; while OOP to classify the objects to set up classes with variables and then represent the objects with real figures under the classes. Programming in C or C++ –C was developed in 1984 and C++ in C is used for FP. C++ can be used for both FP and OOP.

Software and Programs Software – a collection of programs. Program = data + algorithms + programming syntax. System programs. Application programs. The following few slides will tell you how to create a programming environment using Microsoft Visual Studio 2008

When open the Visual studio C , click on the new project will bring up the dialogue above. Click on the General and select Empty Project in the left Window. Give a name for your project.

Follow the instruction shows above to add a new item to your project. You need to right click on the source files to get this.

Your added files should have a cpp extension. The name you assign to this file should be same as your project file.

Hello.cpp – first c++ program #include int main() { std::cout << "Hello,World!\n"; } The first line of this source code is a preprocessor directive that tells the C++ compiler where to find the definition of the std::cout object that is used on the third line. The identifier iostream is the name of a file in the Standard C++ Library. Every C++ program that has standard input and output must include this preprocessor directive. Note the required punctuation: the pound sign # is required to indicate that the word “include” is a preprocessor directive; the angle brackets are required to indicate that the word “iostream” (which stands for “input/output stream”) is the name of a Standard C++ Library file. The expression is called a standard header. The second line is also required in every C++ program. It tells where the program begins. The identifier main is the name of a function, called the main function of the program.

Run your first program On the Build menu, click Build Solution. The Output window displays information about the compilation progress, such as the location of the build log and a message that indicates the build status. On the Debug menu, click Start without Debugging. If you used the sample program, a command window is displayed that shows whether certain integers are found in the set.