Mental Health First Aid USA United Advocates For Children and Families 2035 Hurley Way, suite 290 Sacramento, CA

What Is Mental Health First Aid?  Help offered to a person developing a mental health problem or experiencing a mental health crisis  Given until appropriate treatment and support are received or until the crisis resolves  Not a substitute for counseling, medical care, peer support or treatment

What You Learn  Overview of mental health problems Depressive/Mood disorders Anxiety disorders Disorders in which psychosis occurs Substance use disorders Eating disorders  Mental Health First Aid for crisis situations  Mental Health First Aid for non-crisis situations

MHFA ACTION PLAN  Assess for risk of suicide or harm  Listen nonjudgmentally  Give reassurance and information  Encourage appropriate professional help  Encourage self-help and other support strategies 4

Spectrum of Mental Health Interventions

Why Mental Health First Aid?  Mental health problems are common  Stigma is associated with mental health problems  Professional help is not always on hand  Individuals with mental health problems often do not seek help  Many people… are not well informed about mental health problems do not know how to respond

Mental Health First Aid Standard Adult Version Youth Version Spanish Language Version Supplemental Modules: Rural; Veterans; Public Safety; Higher Education; Faith Based; Older Adults National policy and media attention Partnership with Maryland and Missouri State Governments

Program Milestones  Created in Australia in 2001 (University of Melbourne)  Currently in 17 countries  Piloted in the U.S. in 2008  Youth program Pilot in 2012

Evidenced Effectiveness  Four published randomized control trials and a qualitative study (in Australia) Increases mental health literacy Expands individuals’ knowledge of how to help someone in crisis Connects individuals to needed services Reduces stigma  Study on 33 US college campuses Increased mental health literacy Reduction in social distance (decreased stigma)

Evidenced Effectiveness  Kitchener BA, et al. Mental health first aid training in a workplace setting: A randomized and controlled trial [ISRCTNI ]. BMC Psychiatry. 2004;4(23):1-8.  Jorm AF, Kitchener BA, Fischer JA, Cvetkovski S. (2010). Mental health first aid training by e-learning: a randomized controlled trial. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 44(12):  Speer, N., Eisenberg, D., Hahn, E., Brunwasser, S., & Xu, S. Effects of a peer-based gatekeeper training program on college mental health outcomes. [Manuscript in Preparation]

Vision By 2020, Mental Health First Aid in the USA will be as common as CPR and First Aid

AK 1,301 (37) HI 7 (1) PR 228 (2) WA 4,033 (68) OR 2,321 (84) CA 22,823 (587) NV 339 (30) ID 544 (12) MT 422 (8) WY 82 (16) UT 988 (31) AZ 5,432 (122) CO 8,982 (202) NM 3,870 (81) TX 7,418 (258) OK 1,772 (27) KS 6,222 (97) NE 547 (18) SD 1,380 (20) ND 423 (4) MN 2,349 (21) IA 7,639 (75) MO 12,685 (238) AR 1082 (17) LA 293 (4) MS 1,649 (71) AL 934 (43) GA 3,580 (87) FL 2,483 (127) SC 260 (8) TN WV 0 (2) OH 1,819 (94) IN 1,164 (57) IL 8,733 (174) KY 612 (14) MI 5,875 (135) NY 3,170 (129) PA 8,935 (279) NC 2,811 (90) VA 3,370 (112) WI 630 (20) 1,212 (29) 0.1% or more 0.04%-0.099% 0.025%-0.039% 0.01%-0.024% Less than 0.01% No data PERCENTAGE OF POPULATION TRAINED ALGEE-OMETER More than 170,000 First Aiders in the US Trained by 4,200 Instructors MD 4,783 (308) DE 77 (17) NJ 1,255 (113) CT 3,075 (89) RI 395 (8) MA 1,195 (43 ) NH 42 (2) DC 1,688 (52) VT 423 (47) GUAM 37 (1) Reported through March 2014

Workplace Impact of Mental Illness 13  Major Depressive Disorder is the leading cause of disability in the U.S. for ages  An estimated 26.2 percent of Americans ages 18 and older — about one in four adults —suffer from a diagnosable mental disorder in a given year  Serious mental illnesses (SMIs), which afflict about 6% of American adults, cost society $193.2 billion a year in lost earnings  Behavioral health issues cause 217 million missed workdays annually  Depression was identified as the most costly health condition among a group of 10 large employers when combining costs from medical, pharmacy, absenteeism, and presenteeism ( Source: 2010 Disability Management Employer Coalition Report)

MHFA Public Policy  MHFA in President Obama’s Report: Recommendations from the Gun Violence Prevention Task Force Make Sure Students and Young Adults Get Treatment for Mental Health Issues: Three quarters of mental illnesses appear by the age of 24, yet less than half of children with diagnosable mental health problems receive treatment. To increase access to mental health services for young people, we should:  Provide “Mental Health First Aid” training to help teachers and staff recognize signs of mental illness in young people and refer them to treatment.  Support young adults ages 16 to 25, who have the highest rates of mental illness but are the least likely to seek help, by giving incentives to help states develop innovative approaches.  Help break the cycle of violence in schools facing pervasive violence with a new, targeted initiative to provide their students with needed services like counseling.  Train 5,000 more social workers, counselors, and psychologists, with a focus on those serving students and young adults. 15

MHFA Public Policy  April 19, 2013: US Senate passed Harkin/Alexander MH Amendment (vote of 95-2) – which included authorization for mental health awareness training grant program at SAMHSA (modeled after Mental Health First Aid)  Mental Health First Aid Act (H.R. 274) (S.153) : To date, the Act has 15 bipartisan Senate cosponsors, and 46 bipartisan House cosponsors.  State Legislative Action: Arizona, Virginia, Texas, Illinois, Michigan, Florida, California, Maryland, Colorado  States with Pending Legislation: Florida, Massachusetts, Mississippi, Nebraska, North Carolina, Ohio, Washington  Federal Legislative Action: $15 million FY 2014 appropriation; FY 2015 request $15 million  Toolkit for State Legislative Options 16

Mental Health First Aid in the News January 8, 2014 | by Jennie Grabel What has changed since Jan. 8, 2011, in Tucson and beyond? January 2, 2014 | by Patrick Skahill A "First-Aid" Response to Mental Illness December 27, 2013 | by Kathleen Megan After Newtown, Building A Stronger System Of Mental Health Services October 13, 2013 | by T. Rees Shapiro Mental Health Program Helps Fairfax County Teens Cope March 12, 2012 | by Kim Painter Classes Teach ‘First Aid' for Mental Health Crises October 18, 2011 | For Your HealthFor Your Health

Mental Health First Aid USA For More Information: (202)