Age of Reason aka Age of Enlightenment 1660-1790 Thomas Paine.

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Presentation transcript:

Age of Reason aka Age of Enlightenment Thomas Paine

Age of Reason Reason/Ration – The rational mind was God’s greatest gift to humanity, what separated us from and lifted us above the animals

Age of Reason Objectivity – The state or quality of being true outside an individual’s feelings, experiences, biases, or interpretations. The belief that truths are universal and repeatable. Scientific fact.

Age of Reason Science – Scientific Revolution Universities Academies and Societies – Galileo – Copernicus – Isaac Newton – William Herschel (circulation of blood)

Age of Reason Community/Nation – The individual’s greatest role is to sacrifice individual goals for the greater good of the community; you are a cog on a gear of a wheel of an arm of a part of a section of a machine. – Extend the idea of community enough and you have a Nation (and nations were just now being invented)

Age of Reason City/Urban (Industrial) – End of Enlightenment saw beginning of Industrial Revolution and end of Cottage Industries – Great migration from rural to urban

Age of Reason Deism – Why do bad things happen to good people? – God exists but is dormant – Argument from Design (nature) – Cosmos=giant watch – God=watchmaker

Age of Reason Truth (capital T) – Every question has an answer – Thomas Jefferson: “We hold these truths to be self evident, that all men are created equal.”

Age of Reason Stylized Language Death, be not proud, though some have called thee Mighty and dreadful, for thou art not so; For those whom thou think'st thou dost overthrow Die not, poor Death, nor yet canst thou kill me. From rest and sleep, which but thy pictures be, Much pleasure; then from thee much more must flow, And soonest our best men with thee do go, Rest of their bones, and soul's delivery. John Freakin’ Donne

Age of Reason Nature – Nature was a thing—one that was at our disposal – Chop it up, nail it together, build a house – Chop it up, put it under a slide, study it – Chop it up, throw it on the grill—dinner!

Caspar David Friedrich “Wanderer Above the Sea and Fog”

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Reason/Ration Romantic Concept of Emotion – Center of Being moves from Head to Heart Becomes...

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Objectivity Romantic Concept of Subjectivity – Based on feelings, experience, individual – Perfect example would be... Becomes...

Romanticism Ferris Bueller Cameron experiencing The Subjective Moment

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Science Romantic Concept of I magination – That which we can imagine far oustrips that which we can build Becomes...

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Community/ Nation Romantic Concept of I ndividual/Self – I matter; I am important Becomes...

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of City/Urban Life Romantic Concept of Country/Rural/ Pastoral – Urban living requires several artifiacal layers of being; rural living is more genuine Becomes...

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Deism Romantic Concept of Pantheism – Not ancient Greek concept – Divinity is everywhere, especially within us – Ralph Waldo Emerson, Transcendentalism, “Divinity School Address” (1838) Becomes...

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Truth Romantic Concept of truth truth (small “t”) is subjective; everyone has their own truth and everyone’s truth is valid A perfect example is... Becomes...

Romanticism Ferris Bueller Cameron again, experiencing his own inner truth

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Stylized Language Romantic Concept of “The common language of common men,” per William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge (preface to Lyrical Ballads) Becomes...

Romanticism Age of Reason Concept of Nature – A resource for our disposal Romantic Concept of Nature – Organic – Primal, pure – Inspiration – Organic Becomes...

Romanticism Additional Concepts Blank Verse (unrhymed iambic pentameter) Youth (Child, Innocence) The Quest, The Journey

William Blake

William Blake

Very religious, but believed Bible: 1. Should be read as metaphor 2. Was for a particular time and place “I must create a system or be enslaved by another man’s” Felix Culpa/Binary Opposition Songs of Innocence Songs of Experience