USE OF GIS IN CENSUS MANAGEMENT AND MAPPING: THE KENYAN EXPERIENCE Presented by Joseph Nyangaya Ndubi Kenya National Bureau of Statistics

Introduction First census in Kenya was taken in 1948 Followed by others in: 1962, 1969, 1979, 1989 and 1999 From 1969 to date, Kenya has undertaken censuses after every 10 years

Introduction The country is organized into 5 hierarchical levels of administration ranging from: Provinces, Districts, Divisions, Locations and Sub Locations Villages are small units or entities within the sub location Villages form the basis upon which the Enumeration Areas (EAs) are created Census results are reported based on this arrangement

Introduction Census maps first used in 1962 census In the rural areas, maps at medium and small scales were used In urban areas, large scale maps were used There was great improvement in the maps used from 1979 to 1999 Large to medium scale maps used in the agriculturally high potential areas Sparsely populated Arid and semi arid areas are covered on 1:25000 scale

Introduction Importance of maps Assist to delineate the country into small manageable units or EAs Facilitate in assigning EAs to Enumerators Enable enumerators to plan their movement within the EA Help in budgeting Help in presenting the census results

Introduction GIS first introduced in the 1999 census mapping Project was not very successful due to a number of constraints as explained latter in this presentation Census in Kenya is carried out under the Statistics Act The act empowers KNBS to carry out censuses and other Social Economic Sample Surveys for collecting data

Kenya: Administrative Provinces

The 2009 Kenya Population Census Planning When planning for the 2009 Census, much was borrowed from the 1999 Census on determining the requirements for: Personnel Materials Equipment

The Census Geographic Frame Created based on: The country hierarchical Administrative structure Has Provinces, Districts, Divisions, Locations and Sub Locations Semi official villages are small units within the sub locations EAs are created within the sub locations based on villages An EA has 49 to 150 households and must not cross the administrative boundaries.

Census Geographic Frame Due to rapid population increase and change in settlement patterns, the government continuously reviews boundaries of administrative units Hence the need to update the administrative boundaries and create EAs prior to a census During mapping all the units to EA level are assigned unique identifiers or codes The codes help in data processing to manage census documents and thereafter, to retrieve and manipulate data

Changes in the No. Administrative Units Number of Administrative Units and EAs Administrative Unit Administrator KenyaPresident1111 ProvincesProvincial Commissioner 8888 DistrictsDistrict Commissioner DivisionsDistrict Officer LocationsChief ,0992,427 Sub LocationsAssistant Chiefs 2, ,5536,612 Enumeration Areas 20,00025,00036,97961,921

Geographical Area Coding This is a process of assigning unique identifiers to all Administrative Units and the EAs The settlements are classified as either:- Rural, Urban, peri Urban and formal or non formal The political units are also coded The Geo-coding should be sound Helps in retrieving, analyzing and manipulating data

Geo-Coding Frame Administrative Unit No of DigitsAdministrative Unit Codes Province2Nyanza06 District2Bondo02 Division2Maranda01 Location2Bondo Township01 Sub Location2Ajigo01 EA4Misinjiro0043 Total14Complete EA Code

2009 Pre-Census Activities 2009 Census Proposal Paper prepared and adopted by Government in July 2006 for implementation Planning for Cartographic Field mapping done An Inventory of existing materials and equipment taken List of required materials prepared Some of the items already procured Other items not yet procured

Use GIS in Managing and Mapping the 2009 Census A review of the use of GIS in the 1999 Census made The constraints that hampered its success were identified as follows:- Late Acquisition of the GIS facility Inadequate software user licenses Poor maintenance of the GIS facility High cost of maintenance contract Lack of adequate personnel with appropriate skills

Use GIS in Managing and Mapping the 2009 Census (Cont) But it was realized that GIS held great potential in solving some of the problems associated with lack of availability of current base maps with appropriate scales. Mapping the urban slum areas

Use GIS in Managing and Mapping the 2009 Census (Cont) So to address the above constraints the following have been undertaken:- Training Upgrading of the GIS facility Maintenance Service Contract signed Integrated use of satellite images, Aerial photographs and GPS with conventional base maps

Field mapping for 2009 census Implementation Preparation of mapping manuals Training of mapping assistants on:  Mapping of rural areas  Numbering of EAs  Mapping of urban areas

Field mapping for 2009 census (Cont) Mapping of arid and semi arid areas Mapping of national parks, forests, and other special areas Composition of mapping teams

Field mapping for 2009 census (Cont) Work Schedule up to June 2009  Nyanza and Western provinces were supposed to have been covered but will now be completed by end of this October Work is already running behind schedule due to:  Delay in disbursement of funds  Lack of vehicles sufficient vehicles  Delay in obtaining imageries for the urban areas

Data capture, map preparation and production The process is on going but pace has been slow The personnel carrying out field mapping are also engaged in map preparation More staff to be hired to hasten the process

Printing, Packaging and dispatch Printing, Packaging and dispatch of final maps will be done starting early 2009

Field mapping for 2009 census T H A N K Y O U