Solar PV Design Implementation O& M March 31- April 11, 2008 Marshall Islands ９． Operation ＆ Maintenance Yoshikazu Kogetsu ９． Operation ＆ Maintenance Yoshikazu Kogetsu Sumitomo Densetsu Co., Ltd ．

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, ９． Operation ＆ Maintenance Contents ９・１ － Monthly Inspection ９・２ － Regular Inspection

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, ９・１ － Monthly Inspection ９ － Maintenance Plan for Photovoltaic Power Generation System ItemContent of Check Photovoltaic Module ・ Surface dirt & damage ・ Damage of wire/cable ・ Wire’s connection and damage Support structure for photovoltaic Module ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage Junction Box Junction Panel ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, ９・１ － Monthly Inspection ItemContent of Check Inverter unit ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of external wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage ・ Equipment’s allophone and nasty smell ・ Environment temperature and humidity ・ LCD indication Monitoring System ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of external wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage ・ Equipment’s allophone and nasty smell ・ Environment temperature and humidity Generating Status ・ Check of PCS The numerical value that LCD of each PCS shows being about the same. ・ Check of Monitoring System The power generation change according to the numerical value of Irradiance. (MPPT) ９ － Maintenance Plan for Photovoltaic Power Generation System

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, ９・２ － Regular Inspection ItemContent of CheckMeasuring Check Photovoltaic Module ・ Surface dirt & damage ・ Damage of wire/cable ・ Wire’s connection and damage Support structure for photovoltaic Module ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage Junction Box Junction Panel ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage ・ Insulation resistance Each circuit to PV in JB Each circuit to JB in JP ・ VOC Each circuit to PV in JB Each circuit to JB in JP ９ － Maintenance Plan for Photovoltaic Power Generation System

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, ９・２ － Regular Inspection ItemContent of Check Measuring Check Inverter unit ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of external wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage ・ Equipment’s allophone and nasty smell ・ Environment temperature and humidity ・ LCD indication ・ Insulation resistance Each circuit to JP in Inv. ・ VOC Each circuit to JP in Inv. Monitoring System ・ Damage, corrosion & rust ・ Damage of external wire/cable ・ Grounding wire’s connection and damage ・ Equipment’s allophone and nasty smell ・ Environment temperature and humidity Generating Status ・ Check of PCS The numerical value that LCD of each PCS shows being about the same. ・ Check of Monitoring System The power generation change according to the numerical value of Irradiance. (MPPT) ９ － Maintenance Plan for Photovoltaic Power Generation System

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, Economical Effects ◆ Self-sufficiency of electricity supply and selling electricity kW Watt-hour system used Watt-hour value: approximately 95,000 to 115,000 kWh/yr Electric Power price: approximately 1,000,000 to 1,150,000 yen/yr (Kansai Electric Power: Calculation is based on yen/kWh in summer, yen in seasons other than summer.) ◆ Conditions for example calculations 1. Conditions System capacity100kW Annual expected power generation112,000kWh/yr Installation expenses74,000thousand yen General management ratio10% Annual maintenance expenses90thousand yen NEDO assets purchase expenses3,700thousand yen * Total capacity of solar cell module * Calculation is more important than simulation. * After the solar cells buyer pays total order price, NEDO pays the buyer/owner of the property half of the price. * Half of 15% of installation expenses is regarded as general management expenses. * Large-scale repairs expenses are excluded. * Purchase expenses are included. After five years, NEDO assets (approximately 10% of remaining book value) will be purchased.

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, Example Preliminary Calculations of Economical Effects 2. Preliminary calculations of investment effects (1)Installation expenses74,000thousand yen (2)General management expenses7,400thousand yen (1)  10% (3)Total81,400thousand yen(1) + (2) (4)NEDO grant (1/2)40,700thousand yen (3)  50% (5)Initial expenses33,300thousand yen(1) – (4) (6)NEDO assets purchase expenses3,700thousand yen (1)  5% (7)Total investment amount37,000thousand yen(5) + (6) * NEDO-FT average amount * The application to NEDO-FT for a specific amount * Half the total amount including general management expenses is given by NEDO. * The application to NEDO-FT for the total amount (1) Preliminary calculation of power generation watt-hour as energy saving (8) Energy saving effect (solar light power generation) 1,120thousand yen/yr (9)Maintenance expenses90thousand yen/yr (10)Introduction effects1,030thousand yen/yr(8) - (9) Expected payback period35.9yr (7)  (10) * Calculation is based on electric power unit price of 10 yen/kWh in summer.  If only a decrease in electric power price occurs, it is difficult to pay back the investment. (2) Preliminary calculation including tax effects (11)Total depreciation expenses35,150thousand yen (7)  0.95 (12)Effect of depreciation expenses tax14,366thousand yen (11)  (13)Total investment amount22,634thousand yen(7) – (12) Expected payback period22yr (13)  (10) * 95% of investment amount is used as depreciation expenses.  The use of tax effects shortens the investment payback time significantly. (3) Preliminary calculation for a reduction in demand (14)Monthly basic price for business use1,690Yen/ kW/month (15) Electric power capacity under contract of an expected reduction in demand 20kW (16) Energy saving effect (reduction in demand) 406thousand yen/yr (14)  (15)  12 months (17)Introduction effects1,436thousand yen/yr(10) + (16) Expected payback period15.8yr (13)  (17) * Expected amount * 20% of the installation capacity of 100 kW is expected.  The use of tax effects shortens the investment payback time significantly.

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, Plan-creating requirements for design of solar light generation system (for staff training) (1) ● To create a system design plan, the following presentation titles will be discussed. (1) Study of Solar Cell Capacity (2) System Diagram (3) Calculation of Annual Expected Watt-Hour Values from Solar Light Power Generation (4) A Variety of Contributions and Effects of Solar Light Power Generation (5) Total Evaluation of Solar Light Power Generation Introduced (6) Other (additional advantages and attraction) ● Requirements for creating a system design plan are as follows: 1. Electric power price for high-voltage business: 11 yen/kWh in summer. 10 yen in seasons other than summer (common price set by Japanese electric power companies). 2. Licensed electricians may request maintenance and inspection from the local Electrical Safety Inspection Association. - Less than 50 kW: approximately 5,000 yen, twice or more a year kW to 100 kW approximately 10,000 yen, twice or more a year kW or more: approximately 10,000 yen, once bimonthly 3. For irradiance data, see irradiance on the attached page. (See irradiance data) 4. Solar cells of either polycrystal or single-crystal are selected from the attached sheet.

e8 / PPA Solar PV Design Implementation O&M Marshall Islands March 31-April 11, The composition of solar cell array depends on the area of a solar cell module. 6. The expected life of solar cell modules is about 20 years. 7. Estimated price (used as a price for the purpose of this training) is 10,000,000 yen per system of 10 kW (including the construction work). 8. The NEDO field test business pays buyers/owners half the total amount as a grant-in-aid. 9. Exhaust gas reduction When a thermal power plant produces 1 kWh, discharge of CO 2, SO x and NO x is the following ratio: CO 2 : 0.67 [kg/kWh] (CO 2 exhaust source unit: petroleum of kg-C/10 4 kcal) Thermal power generation efficiency: 0.39 SO x : 0.27 [g/kWh] (1996, Federation of Electric Power Companies) NO x : 0.34 [g/kWh] (1996, Federation of Electric Power Companies) For raw oil reduction and forest absorption conversion, see the attached sheet. 10. Other For other necessary materials, see materials of this workshop. Plan-creating requirements for design of solar light generation system (for staff training) (2)