Simulated Pivot-Shift Testing with Single and Double- Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstructions by Keith L. Markolf, Samuel Park, Steven R. Jackson, and David R. McAllister J Bone Joint Surg Am Volume 90(8): August 1, 2008 ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Tibial rotations before and after the pivot-shift event. Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90: ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Total tibial rotations during the pivot-shift event (rotation after pivot minus rotation before pivot). Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90: ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Valgus rotations before and after the pivot-shift event. Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90: ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Anterior-posterior displacement of the lateral tibial plateau before and after the pivot-shift event. Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90: ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Total tibial displacement of the lateral tibial plateau during the pivot-shift event (displacement after pivot minus displacement before pivot). Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90: ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.
Graft force before and after the pivot-shift event. Keith L. Markolf et al. J Bone Joint Surg Am 2008;90: ©2008 by The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Inc.