Institute of Occupational Health Sciences IST, rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausannehttp://www.iurst.ch Challenges in exposure assessment to Diesel soot M.P.

Slides:

Advertisements

Similar presentations

Asthma & the Environment Oklahoma Asthma Initiative American Lung Association of the Central States.

Advertisements

Chemical Carcinogenesis: Initiation, Promotion and Progression

Phase II 2009 Lecture available

Dosimetry in Risk Assessment and a bit More Mel Andersen McKim Conference QSAR and Aquatic Toxicology & Risk Assessment June 27-29, 2006.

ACGIH ® TLVs ® for Chemical Substances Committee Update Chair: Lisa M. Brosseau, ScD, CIH Associate Professor University of Minnesota School of Public.

WORKING FOR A HEALTHY FUTURE INSTITUTE OF OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE. Edinburgh. UKwww.iom-world.org Occupational exposure limits for dusts John Cherrie and.

The toxicology of NMP (What adverse effects might we expect from exposure to NMP) Professor Ken Donaldson ELEGI Colt Laboratory.

Georgia Tech Safety and Health Consultation Program1 Silica Special Emphasis Program (SEP) u OSHA’s Industrial Hygiene initiative u Collaboration of OSHA.

Chemical Carcinogens – workplace risk assessment and health surveillance Tiina Santonen Paide.

 Carcinogens are agents that have the ability to initiate the formation of cancer.  They are divided into four groups  Chemical Carcinogens  Physical.

Chapter 5 Chemicals and Cancer.

1. NON-ORGAN-DIRECTED TOXICITY

Cancer Cells!!! An Uncontrollable Growth!!

12th U.S./North American MVS, Reno, Nevada, June 9-11, 2008 Effects of Sintered Metal Diesel Particulate Filter System on Diesel Aerosols and Nitric Oxides.

Pollution-Induced Asthma Biology Amber Theriault.

Comparison of the Biological Effects of Sudbury Particulate Matter (SPaM) with Other Particulate Types: Acute and Chronic Studies Sarah M. White Stacey.

Health Effects: Diesel Exhaust Maureen Edwards, MD, MPH Center for Maternal & Child Health MD Dept. Health & Mental Hygiene

Scientific Issues: Organic Aerosols

What Do Toxicologists Do?

The health impacts of particulate matter in diesel exhaust emissions (with a focus on cancer) 18 May 2015 Neil Hime.

Where Does Air Pollution Come From

Control of Airborne Respirable Dust Hazards: A Training Program for Underground Coal Miners The Penn State Miner Training Program University Park, PA

Brief introduction of investigation into PM

Occupational Health Introduction

Cancer What is cancer? How does it form? How can it be treated?

Air Defenders: The Quest For Clean Air A Community Education Program on Air Quality and Respiratory Health © 2003, WEHA.

Air Pollution Dr. R. B. Schultz. Introduction Air pollution Types Air pollution Types Sources of pollutants Sources of pollutants Pollution and weather.

The Impact of Air Pollution on Human Health Fernando Holguin MD MPH Associate Professor of medicine and Pediatrics Director, Clinical and Translational.

Silica Special Emphasis Program u OSHA’s Industrial Hygiene initiative u Collaboration of OSHA Compliance and Consultation Programs.

Mechanisms of Toxicity

Institute of Occupational Health Sciences IST, rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausannehttp:// Occupational exposure to aerosols from waterproofing.

Baseline Analysis of Ground Water Quality Around Open Dumpsites in Lagos, Nigeria: Focus on Polynucelar Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Baseline Analysis of Ground.

Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in different forms and from many sources. Ozone and Particulate.

Effects of Smoking on Health Prepared by Amr Said Dahroug.

W507 – Introduction to toxicology

Particles, your health & your lungs. Why care about air pollution? Sonoma County air is clean compared to other areas, but SF air blows here Sonoma County.

Tobacco Smoke and Lung Cancer: A Mechanistic Overview Ryan Ubelhor.

Air Pollution. Air Pollution: Has many effects on public health and the environment. Comes in different forms and from many sources. Ozone and Particulate.

Introduction to a Safe Workplace

The ecosystem pollution. The pollution of ecosystem is divided into: 1- Air pollution 2- Aquatic pollution 3-Terrestrial pollution.

Air pollution part 3 Indoor pollution and health effects.

QSAR in CANCER ASSESSMENT PURPOSE and AGENDA Gilman Veith Duluth MN May 19-21, 2010.

WASTE MANAGEMENT AND PUBLIC HEALTH HAZARDS PROFESSOR JIM BRIDGES Emeritus Professor of Toxicology and Environmental Health Chair of the EU scientific committee.

Indoor pollution and health effects

Health Hazards!!! Introduction:

PHL 472 Chemical Carcinogens Abdelkader Ashour, Ph.D. 2 nd Lecture.

Volvo Technology AB / Volvo Technology Corporation Dept / UW / 19/02/2016 / page 1 Nanoparticles Lemnos meeting 11 September 2003 Nuclei or accumulation.

Cancer Cancer- a malignant tumor; the result of abnormal cell proliferation. Regulation of Cell Division –Tumor Supressor Genes Genes that inhibit cell.

Air pollution in Stuttgart ? NO 2 O3O3 PM 10. Stuttgart.

QSAR in CANCER ASSESSMENT PURPOSE and AGENDA Gilman Veith Duluth MN May 19-21, 2010.

Importance of surface modification of silica nanoparticles, exposure conditions and particle uptake for cytokine responses in epithelial lung cells. NANOMAT.

Radiation, and Radiation Terror. Types of Radiation Ionizing radiation − Alpha, beta. −gamma rays, X-rays. Non-ionizing radiation −Electromagnetic: UV,

CHOOSE CLEAN AIR FOR CALIFORNIA RALPH JOHN DI LIBERO, MD 135 TH LACMA PRESIDENT.

Organization of 30 CFR The Mine Health and Safety Act The New Diesel Particulate Standards ©Feb 2003 Dr. Bradley C Paul.

1. Emphysema Emphysema Alveoli become damaged making respiratory surface smaller Causes shortness of breath Smoking greatly increases risk.

These materials have been developed based on applicable federal laws and regulations in place at the time the materials were created. The program is being.

You have undertaken a task specific risk assessment and determined the control measures. You have considered whether additional ventilation or ‘add on’

NEOPLASIA(신생물) Neoplasia: “new growth” – An abnormal mass of tissue, overgrowth of cell, uncordinated with that than of normal tissue A. Growth pattern.

Controlling Exposures to Prevent occupational lung disease

Diesel engine exhaust causes almost 200 work-related lung cancers annually in Ontario (Jan. 2015) Diesel engine exhaust is a prevalent lung carcinogen,

Carcinogenic Agents.

POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC HYDROCARBON (PAH’S)

Silica Special Emphasis Program(SEP)

Silica Special Emphasis Program(SEP)

COPD Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

COMPOSITION OF AIR AND SMOKING

IMPORTANT NOTE TO CONSTRUCTION MANAGERS

Radon and Lung Cancer Peter Shields, MD April 23, 2018.

IMPORTANT NOTE TO CONSTRUCTION MANAGERS

COPD Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease

Presentation transcript:

Institute of Occupational Health Sciences IST, rue du Bugnon 19, CH-1005 Lausannehttp:// Challenges in exposure assessment to Diesel soot M.P. Guillemin Institute of Occupational Health Sciences Lausanne - Switzerland

Director of the Institute of Occupational Health Sciences in Lausanne, Switzerland Chemist and occupational hygienist most interested by the exposure assessment strategies Committed to the development of our knowledge in the area of complex mixtures and not well specified hazards Michel Guillemin

Introduction What is Diesel exhaust ? Health effects Mechanisms Exposure assessment Fine dust Carbon Further developments Conclusion Outline

Gas phase Usual gases found after the burning of fuels Particulate phase A core of « elemental carbon » coated with organic compounds and inorganic compounds What is diesel exhaust ?

Acute and temporary effects irritation chest tightness wheeze Chronic effects alteration of the lung function response of the immune system inflammation reaction cancer Effect on the workers’ lung

Health effects Animal

Exposure (mg/m 3 years) Risk (%) Quartz PVC Coal Risk of pneumoconiosis in relation to cumulative exposure Mechanisms of action - pneumoconiosis

Clearance half-time for ultrafine particles and other dusts Dust concentration [mg/m ] 3 Clearance half-time (days) Quartz Ultrafine TiO 2 Diesel TiO PVC Mechanisms of action - clearance 2

Railroad workers Equipment operators Truck drivers Bus workers Pooled relative risk estimates and heterogeneity- adjusted 95% confidence intervals Health effects

Particle Macrophage Cytokines Growth factors Proteases Inflammation Cell injury Cell proliferation Hyperplasia Fibrosis Nongenotoxic Pathway Diesel exhaust-induced carcinogenesis

Organic Chemicals Detoxification Excretion Activation DNA Adducts DNA Repair Mutations Initiation Initiated cell Promotion Preneoplastic lesion Progression Malignant tumor Activation of protooncogenes Inactivation of tumor supressor genes Genotoxic Pathway Diesel exhaust-induced carcinogenesis

Gases and «total dust» Respirable particles Respirable particles and nicotine Total carbon First attempts in measuring exposure

Elemental carbon Small particles counting Particles identification and counting Dinitro-Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbons... Potential Surrogate of Diesel Exhaust Particulates

Real Occupational Health problem Potential problem in Public Health Need of a multidisciplinary approach Political awareness and financial support Conclusions