Overview of 60 GHz Radio Technology September 17, 2002 presented before The Fixed Link Consultative Committee Radiocommunications Agency presented by Terabeam Corporation

Why 60GHz? FCC Part 15.255 unlicensed spectrum Available Spectrum: 57-64GHz = 7GHz contiguous Less susceptible to fog than FSO Interference-free due to high oxygen absorption and narrow beam width Compact size Ideal for dense deployment, redundant architectures Low transmit power limits exposure concerns High security Latency-free

Why 60GHz? Oxygen Absorption

Why 60GHz? Narrow Beam Transmission Areas of potential in-band interference

Why 60 GHz? Dense Deployments

Why 60GHz? Compact Antenna Size Attenna size for a MMW terminal with 44-dBi gain at a 0.9° beam is ten times smaller than that required for a 6 GHz microwave antenna with similar capability Antenna of equal performance

Millimeter Wave Defined 2 Signal is converted to millimeter wave, modulated and transmitted at ~ 60 GHz CUSTOMER DATA 3 Antenna receives the signal and a radio interprets and converts signal to optical 5 Signals transmitted back using the same equipment (full duplex) Customer network device 1 Optical signal is received from network Customer network device MMW is a line-of-sight system that sends data over low-powered radio waves through the air. 4 Optical signal sent back into network via fiber

Terabeam Gigalink™ Basics Fast Ethernet (100 Mbps), OC-3/STM-1 (155 Mbps), OC-12/STM-4 (622 Mbps) speeds Point-to-point radio system Requires unobstructed line-of-sight Reliable for ranges up to 1.25 km Faded by heavy rain Integral patch or 13” parabolic antenna for extended range Turnkey system, delivered complete Simple, one man installation Mature product design Full duplex operation, zero latency

Gigalink Design Criteria Physical layer device (no switch or IP on data payload) Integrated terminal/antenna, no IDU Direct fiber interface for data payload and SNMP Direct Digital Modulation (DDM) No Forward Error Correction (“FEC”) required No protocol overhead (no bandwidth waste, latency) Protocol independent Plug-and-play simplicity through Gigamon™ alignment utility Fiber input/output for data and SNMP Accurate link availability based on statistical data pool Simple design for manufacturability, reliability and low cost

Terabeam Gigalink Gigalink Model Options Available in Fast Ethernet, OC-3, and OC-12 Speeds Two antenna options for varying link distances For short range links For medium range links

Terabeam Gigalink Cost-Effective Outdoor Deployment Flexible mounting options including poles or towers mounts

Gigalink Fast Ethernet/OC-3 Modulation Approach

Modulation/Demodulation A Primary Cost Driver Historically, cost has been the single biggest reason for the lack of MMW Spectrum utilization for commercial uses For commercial high data rate (>155 Mbps) MMW radios, modulation/ demodulation is the biggest cost drivers: Coherent modulations requires phase-locked oscillators and phase matched components -’s: Very high cost, complexity +’s: High bandwidth utilization Non-coherent modulations allow the use of free-running oscillators and phase “stable” (vs. “Matched”) components -’s: Less efficient bandwidth utilization +’s: Low complexity, lowest cost Projected Cost vs. Modulation for 100 Mbps/155 Mbps@ 60 GHz 4 3 Relative Costs ($) 2 1 Modulation Types

Summary Terabeam’s Affordable & Highly Reliable Gigalink Systems Ultra-High Data Rate Capability Flexible Deployment Affordable Safe and Secure Gigabit Ethernet speeds in trial Up to OC-48 possible in future High-capacity systems with reliable link ranges Low probability of interference Designed for dense deployments Mature, cost-effective system design Simple, one-person installation Protocol independent Patented Direct Digital Modulation Low amounts of energy emission Field-proven product line Remote management via SNMP data

Supporting Slides

Terabeam Gigalink Ranges by Region North America based on 10-9 BER The ranges listed are generalized for a specific rain region and availability. Actual results may vary.

Terabeam Gigalink Ranges by Region Europe based on 10-9 BER The ranges listed are generalized for a specific rain region and availability. Actual results may vary.

Gigalink 13” Parabolic Antenna Pattern (E-Plane)

Gigalink 13” Parabolic Antenna Pattern (H-Plane)

Gigalink Family of Radios Gigamon™ Monitoring Screen

Deployment History 1995 Tokyo OC3 Beta Site, (7) OC3 Links 1999 EMC Campus (4)OC3 (6) OC12 Links Oct. 2000 Harmonix obtains FCC part 15 Cert. 2000 E-xpedient Miami, (20) 100FX Links 2001 Debut of Wireless Production video link 2002 FSO Hybrid Links (Cogent, Sprint) 2002 will deploy world’s first “GigE” RF Link

Case Study: Terabeam MMW & e-xpedient E-xpedient needed to build metro area network in Miami, FL in a dense configuration and rapid timeframe. Used Terabeam MMW systems to build the MAN 2 transport rings 6 – 60 GHz MMW radio links 6 – Laser link backups 2 – 38 GHz radio links

Deployment History 60 GHz with FSO Backup (Miami Network)

Deployment History OC-12 Production Video Remote Backhaul Radio National Association of Broadcasters (NAB) Debut

Maximum Link Distance vs. Weather Conditions

Attenuation Due to Fog

Attenuation vs. Rain Rate